vinegar的词源

英文词源

vinegar

vinegar: [13] Etymologically, vinegar is ‘sour wine’. The term was borrowed from Old French vyn egre, whose elements went back respectively to Latin vīnum ‘wine’ (source of English wine) and acer ‘sharp, pungent’ (source of English eager). In modern French, vyn egre became vinaigre, and its diminutive form has given English vinaigrette [17]. This originally denoted a sort of small French carriage, which supposedly resembled a vinegar-seller’s cart; the modern application to an ‘oil-and-vinegar dressing’ is not recorded in English until the end of the 19th century.
=> acid, acrid, eager, wine

vinegar (n.)

early 14c., from Old French vinaigre "vinegar," from vin "wine" (from Latin vinum; see wine (n.)) + aigre "sour" (see eager). In Latin, it was vinum acetum "wine turned sour;" compare Greek oxos "wine vinegar," which is related to oxys "sharp" (see acrid). Related: Vinegary; vinegarish.

中文词源

vinegar：醋

vin-,葡萄，葡萄酒，-egar,酸的，词源同acid。用来指醋。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：vinegar 词源，vinegar 含义。

vinegar：醋

vin-和wine（葡萄酒）同源；词根eg-表“尖”，单词中的ac普遍有“尖”之义，而ac和此处的eg仅仅是音变关系，c/k/g音变是常见的辅音音变之一，acid由“尖”引申为“酸”，eg也是如此；所以它的本义是“酸葡萄酒”，用以代指“醋”。

vinegar：醋

酒放久变酸了即成醋。英语中意指“醋”的vinegar按其词源的字面义讲就含有“酸酒”的意思。古法语称醋为vyn egre，vyn源于拉丁语vīnum 'wine'（酒），egre源于拉丁语acer/acris 'sour'（酸的），两部分合起来就是sour wine（酸酒）。以后vyn egre演变为vinaigre (vin 'wine' + aigre 'sour')，从法语来看其字面含义更是显而易见了。英语vinegar一词就是由此而来。

vinegar：醋

vin-,葡萄，葡萄酒，-egar,酸的，词源同 acid.用来指醋。

vinegar（醋）：酒变酸后得到的调味品

醋（vinegar)是由酒精在醋酸杆菌等微生物的作用下转化而成的。传说，中国古人在用粮食酿酒过程中，有人觉得酒糟扔掉太可惜，就存放起来。过来一段时期后，发现酒糟转变 成了另一种味道酸甜的调味品，这就是醋的来历。英语单词vinegar也反应了醋和酒之间的 关系。它来自古法语vinaigre,由vin (wine,酒）和aigre (sour,变酸）组成，其源头是拉 丁语vinumacetum (变酸的酒）。由此可推测，西方的醋最早也是由酒变酸后形成的。