straw的词源
英文词源
- straw
- straw: [OE] Straw is etymologically something ‘strewn’ on the floor. The word goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *strāwam (source also of German stroh, Dutch stroo, Swedish strå, and Danish straa). This was formed from the same base as produced strew [OE], and goes back ultimately to Indo-European *ster- ‘spread’, source also of Latin sternere ‘spread out’ (from which English gets prostrate, strata, etc). Dried grain stalks were commonly scattered over floors as an ancient form of temporary carpeting, and so they came to be termed straw.
=> strata, strew - straw (n.)
- Old English streaw (rare) "stems or stalks of certain species of grains," apparently literally "that which is scattered or strewn," related to streowian (see strew), from Proto-Germanic *strawam "that which is scattered" (cognates: Old Norse stra, Danish straa, Swedish strå, Old Saxon stro, Old Frisian stre, Old Dutch, Old High German stro, Dutch stroo, German Stroh "straw"), from PIE *stere- "to spread" (see structure (n.)). The notion perhaps is of dried grain stalks strewn on a floor as carpeting or bedding.
As a type of what is trifling or unimportant, attested from late 13c. Meaning "hollow tube through which a drink is sucked" is recorded from 1851. To draw straws as a means of deciding something is recorded from 1779 (the custom probably is older). As an adjective, "made of straw," mid-15c.; hence "false, sham." Straw poll is from 1932; earlier straw vote (1866). Straw hat first attested mid-15c. To clutch (or grasp or catch) at straws (1748) is what a drowning man proverbially would do. The last straw (1836 apart from the full phrase) is from the proverbial image: "it is the last straw that breaks the camel's back" (or, less often, the mare's, the horse's, or the elephant's), an image in use in English by 1755.
Let it not, however, be inferred that taxation cannot be pushed too far : it is, as the Oriental proverb says, the last straw that overloads the camel ; a small addition, if ill-timed, may overturn the whole. ["The Scots Magazine," April 1799]
中文词源
straw（吸管）：最早用作吸管的天然麦秆
英语单词straw的本意是农作物的茎秆，如麦秆，稻草，它与“吸管”有什么关系呢？原来，人类最早用作习惯的材料就是天然的麦秆。19世纪时，美国人喜欢喝冰凉的淡香酒。为了避免口中的热气冲淡酒的冰冻味道，人们使用天然的麦秆来吸饮。但是天然麦秆容易折断，并且不够卫生。1888年，一名叫做马尔温•斯通（Marvin Stone）的美国卷烟制造商从卷烟中得到启发，使用打蜡的纸做成了喝饮料的吸管（drinking straw），并申请了专利。这项发明不仅为亿万消费者提供了便利，还有效降低了蛀牙的发生率。
最初，人们使用drinking straw来表示吸管，后来直接简化成了straw。
straw：[strɔː] n.农作物的茎秆，麦秆，稻草；吸管；无价值的东西adj.稻草的，无价值的
strawberry：['strɔːb(ə)rɪ] n.草莓，草莓色
straw man：n.稻草人
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：straw 词源，straw 含义。
来自古英语 streaw,草，来自 Proto-Germanic*strawa,草，来自 PIE*strew,展开，铺开，扩大形 式自*ster,展开，铺开，词源同 strew,structure.引申词义吸管。
