stoic的词源

英文词源

stoic: stoic: [16] The Greek philosopher Zeno (c. 334– c. 262 BC), who taught that only virtue is necessarily good, and that pleasure and pain are matters of indifference, is reputed to have lectured to his followers and students in a porch or portico in Athens. The Greek word for ‘porch’ was stoá (a descendant of the Indo-European base *stā-, *sto- ‘stand’, which also produced English stand), and so Zeno’s teachings came to be characterized by the term stōikós. This passed into English via Latin stōicus as stoic, carrying with it metaphorical associations of ‘impassivity’ as well as the literal application of Zeno and his followers.
=> stand, statue
stoic (n.): late 14c., "philosopher of the school founded by Zeno," from Latin stoicus, from Greek stoikos "pertaining to a member of or the teachings of the school founded by Zeno (c. 334-c. 262 B.C.E.), characterized by austere ethical doctrines," literally "pertaining to a portico," from stoa "porch," specifically Stoa Poikile "the Painted Porch," the great hall in Athens (decorated with frescoes depicting the Battle of Marathon) where Zeno taught (see stoa). Meaning "person who represses feelings or endures patiently" first recorded 1570s. The adjective is recorded from 1590s in the "repressing feelings" sense, c. 1600 in the philosophical sense. Compare stoical.

来自拉丁语 stoicus,来自希腊语 stoikos,斯多葛学派，来自 stoa,门廊，走廊，来自 PIE*sta,站立，词源同 stand.该学派为古希腊哲学家 Zeno 创立的一个以苦修和朴素著称的学派，因 Zeno 于门廊讲学而得名。

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