steward的词源
英文词源
- steward
- steward: [OE] A steward is etymologically someone ‘in charge of a sty’. Its Old English ancestor stigweard was a compound formed from stig ‘hall, house’ (a relative, if not the direct ancestor, of English sty ‘dwelling for pigs’) and weard ‘guardian, keeper’ – hence ‘keeper of the hall’.
=> guard, sty, ward - steward (n.)
- Old English stiward, stigweard "house guardian, housekeeper," from stig "hall, pen for cattle, part of a house" (see sty (n.1)) + weard "guard" (see ward (n.)). Used after the Conquest as the equivalent of Old French seneschal (q.v.). Meaning "overseer of workmen" is attested from c. 1300. The sense of "officer on a ship in charge of provisions and meals" is first recorded mid-15c.; extended to trains 1906. This was the title of a class of high officers of the state in early England and Scotland, hence meaning "one who manages affairs of an estate on behalf of his employer" (late 14c.). Meaning "person who supervises arrangements" at a meeting, dinner, etc., is from 1703.
The Scottish form (with terminal -t attested from late 14c.) is reflected in Stewart, name of the royal house descended from Walter (the) Steward, who married (1315) Marjorie de Bruce, daughter of King Robert. Stuart is a French spelling, attested from 1429 and adopted by Mary, Queen of Scots.
中文词源
在古代社会，猪是重要的家庭资产。富人家庭中负责看管猪群的人就叫做steward。这个单词由sty（猪圈）+ward（看守）组成，字面意思就是看守猪圈、猪群的人。随着人们驯养动物种类的增加，steward所看管的对象从猪扩充至所有牲畜，后来他的职责不断扩大，还帮助主人打点地产、地租等产业。因此，steward的地位不断提高，相当于“账房先生”和“管家”。甚至在一些场合，steward成了一种地方官员的头衔。在英国，直到1849年前，英国王室的Lord Steward（宫内大臣）甚至拥有司法权，属于政府内阁成员。
steward： ['stjuːəd] n.管家，乘务员，膳务员，工会管事vt.管理vi.当服务员，当管事
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：steward 词源，steward 含义。
来自古英语 stigweard,保安，清洁工，来自 stig,屋子，牛棚，词源同 sty,猪圈，肮脏的屋子， weard,看管，词源同 ward,看护，守护。后引申词义管家，监工，司务长，船上食品管理员， 现词义乘务员，服务员等。
