spouse的词源
英文词源
- spouse
- spouse: [12] A spouse is etymologically someone who has made a ‘promise’ to another – in this case, of marriage. The word comes via Old French spous, spouse from Latin spōnsus ‘bridegroom’ and spōnsa ‘bride’, noun uses of the past participle of spondēre ‘promise solemnly, betroth’ (source of English despondent and sponsor).
=> sponsor - spouse (n.)
- c. 1200, "a married person, either one of a married pair, but especially a married woman in relation to her husband," also "Christ or God as the spiritual husband of the soul, the church, etc.," also "marriage, the wedded state," from Old French spous (fem. spouse) "marriage partner," variant of espous/espouse (Modern French épous/épouse), from Latin sponsus "bridegroom" (fem. sponsa "bride"), literally "betrothed," from masc. and fem. past participle of spondere "to bind oneself, promise solemnly," from PIE *spend- "to make an offering, perform a rite" (see spondee). Spouse-breach (early 13c.) was an old name for "adultery."
中文词源
古希腊人在签订协议时都喜欢请神灵来做见证，方式就是在签订协议的同时祭奠神灵，最常用的祭奠方式就是奠酒，即把酒洒在地上请神灵享用。在希腊语中表示“奠酒”的单词是sponde，该词因而衍生出“承诺、立约”的含义。sponde进入拉丁语后演变为spondere，立约人则称为sponsus。古人结婚其实就是签订婚约然后举行婚礼，所以签订婚约的人也被称为sponsus。英语单词spouse（配偶）就来自拉丁语sponsus，本意就是“签订了婚约的人”。与它同源的单词是sponsor（赞助者、举办者），本意就是“承诺赞助或举办活动的人”。
spouse：[spaʊz; -s] n.配偶，vt.和……结婚
spousal：['spaʊz(ə)l] adj.结婚的n.婚礼，结婚仪式
sponsor：['spɒnsə] n.赞助者，举办者，保证人vt.赞助，发起
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：spouse 词源，spouse 含义。
古希腊商人在签订合同时总要倾酒于神坛以祭种灵(pour out a libation)，此一做法人们谓之spendo。随后spendo 一词转义为“签订合同（或协议）”，并由此衍生出拉丁词sponsus，意指“立约人”。古罗马有一习俗，行将结婚之男女双方的亲友聚在女方父亲家中签订婚约。婚约在拉丁文中作sponsaLia，订婚者男的就叫sponsus，女的则称sponsa曲意为“配偶”的英语spouse即由此而来睾另一英语单词sponsor（主办者，赞助者）亦源于此。
先说responsible（担责的），re前缀“往回”，spons词根“承诺”，ible形容词后缀。原来在西人眼中，责任与承诺挂钩，出口一字成千金。词根spons和单词spouse同源，“配偶”的根义是“承诺”。这就好办了，以后忘记“夫妇”怎么写，首先想想“责任”怎么拼。
来自古法语 spouse,婚姻伴侣，新娘，阴性格于 spous,新郎，来自拉丁语 sponsus,新郎，来自 spondere,庄严的承诺，词源同 sponsor,spondee.
