sirloin的词源

英文词源

sirloinyoudaoicibaDictYouDict
sirloin: [16] One of the oldest of etymological chestnuts is that sirloin got its name because a particular English king found the joint of beef so excellent that he knighted it. The monarch in question has been variously identified as Henry VIII, James I, and Charles II, but while the first of these is chronologically possible, in fact the story has no truth in it at all. The more sober facts are that the word was borrowed from Old French *surloigne, a compound formed from sur ‘above’ and loigne ‘loin’ (source of English loin). The spelling sir- (first recorded in the 18th century) no doubt owes something to the ‘knighting’ story.
=> loin, lumbar
sirloin (n.)youdaoicibaDictYouDict
early 15c., surloine, from Middle French surlonge, literally "upper part of the loin," from sur "over, above" (see sur-) + longe "loin," from Old French loigne (see loin).

English spelling with sir- dates from 1620s, by folk-etymology supposed to be because the cut of beef was "knighted" by an English king for its superiority, a tale variously told of Henry VIII, James I, and Charles II. The story dates to 1655.

中文词源

sirloin(西冷牛肉):被封为爵士的牛里脊肉

英语单词sirloin通常被音译为“西冷”,指的是牛的上部腰肉。其中的loin就是“腰部、腰肉”的意思。西冷牛肉连带着脂肪组织,烹饪后口感比较香、嫩、油润。同时它体积比较大,卖相很好。因此,用西冷牛肉制作的牛排,是西餐中的佳品。sirloin在古英语中拼写为surloin,由sur(上部)+loin(腰肉)构成,表示“牛上部的腰肉”。关于拼写从sur变为sir,有一个有趣的民间传说。传说,有一位英国国王有一回对他所吃到的牛腰肉特别满意,高兴之下就把它封为爵士(Sir),因此,surloin的拼写就变成了sirloin。英国作家富勒(Thomas Fuller)和斯威夫特(Jonathan Swift)都认可这种说法。前者说这位国王是亨利八世,后者说是詹姆士一世。还有人认为英国是查理二世。虽然众说纷纭,但男人大同小异。

sirloin:['sɜːlɒɪn] n.西冷牛肉,西冷牛排,牛的上部腰肉

loin:[lɒɪn] n.腰,腰部,腰肉,里脊肉

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版:sirloin 词源,sirloin 含义。

sirloin:牛腰肉

该词意为“牛腰肉”,原作surloin,源自法语surlonge(相当于英语upper loin)。关于其拼写从surloin到sirloin的演变,某些辞书上有这样一段记载:

英国一位国王有一回对他所吃的一块牛腰肉感到特别满意,高兴之下就把它封为爵士( sir),surloin 一词也就随之被改拼为sirloin。

有两位英国作家富勒(Thomas Fuller,1608 - 1661)和斯威夫特(Jonathan Swift.1667 - 1745)接受了这种说法,前者说这位国王是Henry VIII,后者则说是James I。尚有一说认为该国王应是Charles II。虽然众说纷纭,但内容却大同小异。

我们认为,从surloin到sirloin的演变主要是所谓“民俗语源”的影响所致,这种影响往往表现于外来语。换言之,此一变化是基于联想,也就是将sur与sir相联系而产生的。

sirloin:牛上腰肉

sir-,改写自 sur-,在上,loin,腰部,腰肉。来自民间传说,据说因这块牛肉味道鲜美,17 世纪 英格兰国王詹姆士一世手指长剑,将这块牛肉封为爵士,因而拼写也随之俗化。