siren的词源
英文词源
- siren
- siren: [14] The Seirēnes were sea nymphs who, according to Greek mythology, sat on rocks luring impressionable sailors to their doom with the sweetness of their singing. Latin took the word over as sīrēna, and it passed into English via Old French sereine. The term was applied to an acoustical instrument invented in 1819 by Cagniard de la Tour, that produced musical sounds and was used for measuring the frequency of sound waves, and it was this that formed the basis of its later use (in the 1870s) for a device for giving loud warning signals.
- siren (n.)
- mid-14c., "sea nymph who by her singing lures sailors to their destruction," from Old French sereine (12c., Modern French sirène) and directly from Latin Siren (Late Latin Sirena), from Greek Seiren ["Odyssey," xii.39 ff.], one of the Seirenes, mythical sisters who enticed sailors to their deaths with their songs, also in Greek "a deceitful woman," perhaps literally "binder, entangler," from seira "cord, rope."
Meaning "device that makes a warning sound" (on an ambulance, etc.) first recorded 1879, in reference to steamboats, perhaps from similar use of the French word. Figurative sense of "one who sings sweetly and charms" is recorded from 1580s. The classical descriptions of them were mangled in medieval translations and glosses, resulting in odd notions of what they looked like.
中文词源
siren（汽笛）：歌声迷人的女海妖塞壬
在希腊神话中，塞壬Siren是一种女海妖，人面鸟身，长得美若天仙，并且拥有天籁般迷人的嗓音。她们住在海岛上，用歌声魅惑航海者，使他们的船只触礁沉没，船员成为她们的腹中餐。在荷马史诗中，当奥德修斯将要经过塞壬所在海岛时，得到女神的忠告，预先采取了防备措施。他命令手下把自己牢牢地绑在桅杆上，让手下用蜡把各人的耳朵堵上。经过塞壬所在海岛时，果然从远处传来了迷人的歌声。歌声如此令人神往，他不顾一切地想要挣脱束缚，向手下大喊大叫，让他们驶向海岛。但他的手下因为事先得到指示，对此不闻不顾，驾驶船只一直向前，直到远远地离开了海岛才给他松绑。奥德修斯就是这样利用自己的智慧，安全地欣赏了塞壬们的天籁之音。
在17世纪，人们为了防止船只触礁，就在暗礁附近用汽笛发出警报，警示海员们塞壬的故事。所以人们就把这种警报声叫做siren。
siren： ['saɪr(ə)n]n.汽笛，警笛，歌声迷人的女歌手，女妖塞壬adj.迷人的vt.引诱vi.响着警笛行驶
sirenian：[saɪ'riːnɪən] n.海牛目哺乳动物adj.海牛目哺乳动物的
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：siren 词源，siren 含义。
该词源于希腊神话。在希腊神话中Siren（塞壬）是半人半鸟的女海妖，上身是美丽的少女，胸部以下则完全呈鸟形，长着两只翅膀。这些女妖（一说两个，一说三个，还有一说八个）居住在海岛上，常常用勾人心魂的歌声诱惑过路的航海者，使驶近的航船触礁沉没或使航船靠岸再来杀害他们，所以海岛四周白骨累累。希腊英雄奥德修斯(Odysseus)经过海岛时，依照女巫喀尔刻(Circe)的嘱咐，用蜡团封住同伴们的耳朵，使他们听不到歌声，又让他们把自己绑在桅杆上。因此奥德修斯是第一个听到女海妖歌唱而又未遇难的人。女海妖见歌声失灵，愧愤投海化为峭石。
Siren 一词在希腊语中原作seiren，拉丁语作siren，后期拉丁语作sirena，13世纪法语则作sereine，它于14世纪作为借用词进入英语。16世纪以后Siren的词义有了延伸，常被用来指“歌喉迷人的女歌手”或“妖女”、“妖妇”，首字母也变成小写的了。siren当今最普通的意义“汽笛”“警报器”则分别始用于19世纪和第二次世界大战以后。
siren：塞ft，性感妖女，汽笛，警笛，警报器
来自拉丁语 Siren,来自希腊语 Seiren,塞ft，古希腊神话中居住于海岛上的精灵，通过诱惑性 的歌声吸引水手将船只划向她们所在岛屿处的万丈海渊。其名字字面意思可能为绑定者，捆 绑者，来自 seira,绳子，绳索，词源同 series.引申词义汽笛，警笛，警报器等。
