robot的词源

英文词源

robot

robot: [20] Robot is a Czech contribution to English. It comes from robota ‘forced labour, drudgery’, a word related to German arbeit ‘work’. It was used by the Czech dramatist Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) 1920 for ‘mechanical people constructed to do menial tasks’. English acquired it via German robot, and the first record of it in an English text comes from 1923.

robot (n.)

1923, from English translation of 1920 play "R.U.R." ("Rossum's Universal Robots"), by Karel Capek (1890-1938), from Czech robotnik "slave," from robota "forced labor, compulsory service, drudgery," from robotiti "to work, drudge," from an Old Czech source akin to Old Church Slavonic rabota "servitude," from rabu "slave," from Old Slavic *orbu-, from PIE *orbh- "pass from one status to another" (see orphan). The Slavic word thus is a cousin to German Arbeit "work" (Old High German arabeit). According to Rawson the word was popularized by Karel Capek's play, "but was coined by his brother Josef (the two often collaborated), who used it initially in a short story."

中文词源

robot（机器人）：捷克作家科幻戏剧中的机器奴隶

英语单词robot一词来自1920年捷克作家 Karel Capek发表的科幻戏剧《罗苏姆的万能机器人》的名称中的robotnik（奴隶），该词源自robota（强制劳动、苦工、奴役）。在原著中，robotnik是一种由人类制造出来的人形工作机械，具有人的外形、特征和功能，是最早的工业机器人设想。英语单词robot就来自捷克语robotnik，用来表示剧中所描述的这种人形工作机械，中文译为“机器人”。不过，现在robot一词可以表示各种自动化智能机械，不一定是人形的。

robot： ['rəʊbɒt] n.机器人，自动机械

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：robot 词源，robot 含义。

robot：机器人

1920年捷克小说家、剧作家恰彼克( Karel Capek，1890 - 1935)写了部科学幻想剧R．U．R．即Rossum's Universal Robots（罗索姆万能机器人）。 1923年该剧在伦敦上演，曾经轰动一时。作家首次在剧中使用robot 一词来指能给人干活的“机器人”。该词是他根据意为“工作”或“苦工”的捷克语单词robota创造出来的。没过多久它就在大西洋两岸流行起来。在科学技术突飞猛进的今天，robot不仅是一个家喻户晓的英语常用词，而且还成了一个国际通用词。

robot：机器人

杜撰词，来自捷克语 robota,奴隶，被奴役者，做苦工者，来自 PIE*orbu,剥夺，失去，特指 失去父母的小孩，词源同 orphan.

robot：机器人

杜撰词，来自捷克语 robota,奴隶，被奴役者，做苦工者，来自 PIE*orbu,剥夺，失去，特指 失去父母的小孩，词源同 orphan.