purple的词源

英文词源

purple

purple: [OE] Greek porphúrā, a word of Semitic origin, denoted a sort of shellfish from which a reddish dye was obtained (known as Tyrian purple, because it was produced around Tyre, in what is now Lebanon, it was highly prized in ancient times, and used for dyeing royal garments). It hence came to be used for the dye itself, and for cloth coloured with it, and it passed in this latter sense (with the particular connotation of ‘royal cloth’) via Latin purpura into Old English as purpura. Its derived adjective purpuran became purple by a process known as dissimilation, by which one of two similar speech sounds (here /r/) is altered.

purple (n., adj.)

Old English purpul, dissimilation (first recorded in Northumbrian, in Lindisfarne gospel) of purpure "purple dye, a purple garment," purpuren (adj.) "purple," a borrowing by 9c. from Latin purpura "purple color, purple-dyed cloak, purple dye," also "shellfish from which purple was made," and "splendid attire generally," from Greek porphyra "purple dye, purple" (see porphyry), of uncertain origin, perhaps Semitic, originally the name for the shellfish (murex) from which it was obtained. Purpur continued as a parallel form until 15c., and through 19c. in heraldry. As a color name, attested from early 15c. Tyrian purple, produced around Tyre, was prized as dye for royal garments.

Also the color of mourning or penitence (especially in royalty or clergy). Rhetorical for "splendid, gaudy" (of prose) from 1590s. Purple Heart, U.S. decoration for service members wounded in combat, instituted 1932; originally a cloth decoration begun by George Washington in 1782. Hendrix' Purple Haze (1967) is slang for "LSD." Purple finch so called from 1826; "the name is a misnomer, arising from the faulty coloring of a plate by Mark Catesby, 1731" [Century Dictionary] Also house finch, so called for its domesticity.

purple (v.)

c. 1400, from purple (n.). Related: Purpled; purpling.

中文词源

purple（紫色）：古代腓尼基人发明的紫色染料

古代腓尼基人因为发明了紫红色染料而闻名历史，大发横财，连腓尼基（Phoenicia）这个名字都与紫色有关，是“紫红色国度”的意思。腓尼基人发明紫红色染料纯属偶然。据说有个腓尼基牧人，有一回从海中捡了一些海螺。煮好之后，他扔了几个给自己的猎狗吃。猎狗一咬，嘴边和鼻子上都溅上了鲜红的颜色，拿水冲洗都洗不掉。牧人仔细观察，发现是因为海螺中流出的红色汁水。他想，如果用这种颜色染布，一定不会掉颜色。于是，他又拾回一大堆这种海螺，放在水里熬，果然熬出了一种紫红色的染料。用这种染料染出的衣服，洗过多次后，依然能够保持亮丽的紫色，从不褪色。

这种海螺在腓尼基的浅海非常多，人们便用熬出的染料来染布。由于这种紫红色的布在地中海沿岸许多国家大受欢迎，供不应求，许多腓尼基人靠贩卖染料、布匹发了财。于是他们渐渐放弃了农业生产，以经商为生。在当时，腓尼基商人的足迹遍及地中海南北各个海港。

英语单词purple来自希腊语porphyra，原本指的是腓尼基人所生产的这种紫色染料，后来逐渐演变为表示“紫色”这种颜色。

purple：['pɜːp(ə)l] n.紫色，紫袍adj.紫色的，帝王的vt.使成紫色vi.变成紫色

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：purple 词源，purple 含义。

purple：紫色的

来自古英语purpul,来自purpure的异化词，来自拉丁语purpura,紫色的，紫颜料，来自希腊语porphyra,紫色的，紫颜料，词源同porphyry,porphyrite.