psyche的词源
英文词源
- psyche
- psyche: [17] Like Latin animus (source of English animal), Greek psūkhé started out meaning ‘breath’ and developed semantically to ‘soul, spirit’. English adopted it via Latin psychē in the mid-17th century, but it did not really begin to come into its own until the middle of the 19th century, when the development of the sciences of the mind saw it pressed into service in such compound forms as psychology (first recorded in 1693, but not widely used until the 1830s) and psychiatry (first recorded in 1846), which etymologically means ‘healing of the mind’.
=> psychiatry, psychology - psyche (n.)
- 1640s, "animating spirit," from Latin psyche, from Greek psykhe "the soul, mind, spirit; breath; life, one's life, the invisible animating principle or entity which occupies and directs the physical body; understanding" (personified as Psykhe, the beloved of Eros), akin to psykhein "to blow, cool," from PIE root *bhes- "to blow, to breathe" (source also of Sanskrit bhas-), "Probably imitative" [Watkins].
Also in ancient Greek, "departed soul, spirit, ghost," and often represented symbolically as a butterfly or moth. The word had extensive sense development in Platonic philosophy and Jewish-influenced theological writing of St. Paul (compare spirit (n.)). Meaning "human soul" is from 1650s. In English, psychological sense "mind," is attested by 1910.
中文词源
词根词缀： -psych-心灵 + -e
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：psyche 词源，psyche 含义。
来自希腊语psykhe,精神，灵魂，心理，来自psykhein,呼吸，吹风，来自PIE*bhes,呼吸，吹风，可能来自拟声词。
Psyche：罗马神话中的灵魂女神普绪喀
在罗马神话中Psyche是以少女形象出现的人类灵魂的化身，少女Psyche和爱神丘比特相恋，每晚在一座宫殿里相会。丘比特嘱咐她，不要窥看他的容貌。Psyche忍不住好奇，一天夜里在他熟睡时点上蜡烛偷看，方知与她相爱之人竟是众神中最俊美的爱神。她惊喜交加，手不禁一颤，一滴烛油滴落，神顿时惊醒，旋即离去，从此不见。Psyche 悲恸欲绝，悔恨不已，开始四处漂泊，寻找情人。后经历了无数折难之后终于与丘比特重聚，结为夫妇，并成为灵魂、精神之神。
