protocol的词源
英文词源
- protocol
- protocol: [16] Protocol originally denoted an ‘official record of a transaction’. Not until the end of the 19th century, as a reborrowing from French, did it come to be used for ‘rules of etiquette’ (the semantic link is an intermediate sense ‘draft of a treaty or other diplomatic document’, which led to its use in French for the ‘department in charge of diplomatic etiquette’). It goes back via Old French prothocole and medieval Latin prōtocollum to Greek prōtókollon, a compound formed from prótos ‘first’ and kólla ‘glue’ which meant ‘flyleaf glued to the front of a book giving a list of its contents’.
=> colloid - protocol (n.)
- 1540s, as prothogall "draft of a document," from Middle French prothocole (c. 1200, Modern French protocole), from Medieval Latin protocollum "draft," literally "the first sheet of a volume" (on which contents and errata were written), from Greek protokollon "first sheet glued onto a manuscript," from protos "first" (see proto-) + kolla "glue."
Sense developed in Medieval Latin and French from "official account" to "official record of a transaction," to "diplomatic document," and finally, in French, to "formula of diplomatic etiquette." Meaning "diplomatic rules of etiquette" in English first recorded 1896, from French; general sense of "conventional proper conduct" is from 1952. "Protocols of the (Learned) Elders of Zion," Russian anti-Semitic forgery purporting to reveal Jewish plan for world domination, first published in English 1920 under title "The Jewish Peril."
中文词源
古代西方人用莎草纸作为书写材料，将多张莎草纸粘贴到一起做成卷轴，相当于一本书。卷轴中的第一页在古希腊语中被称为protokollon，由proto（第一）+kollon（粘贴），字面意思就是“卷轴中的第一页”。这就是protocol的词源。由于卷轴的第一页通常用来展现整本书的目录和勘误表，因此protocol引申为“初稿、草案”。后来，该词主要应用于外交领域，被用来表示“外交会议记录、外交协议草案、外交协议”，继而表示“外交活动的礼仪”。现在，该词已经不再局限于外交领域，可以表示各种礼仪、礼节程序。在通信领域，表示“通信协议”，其实也就是通信双方的“礼节程序”。
protocol：['prəʊtəkɒl] n.协议、草案、礼仪v.拟定
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：protocol 词源，protocol 含义。
proto-,原始的，最早的，-col,胶，词源同glue,collagen.即最早粘上去的，引申词义协议，草案，后引申词义官方文件，特别用于指政府外交部的官方文件，外交礼仪，后词义通俗化。
