When forced to make their choice between obedience to God and obedience to the Emperor, they were compelled to choose the former. [Thomas M. Lindsay, "A History of the Reformation," New York, 1910]
The word was taken up by the Lutherans in Germany (Swiss and French preferred Reformed). It became the general word for "adherents of the Reformation in Germany," then "member of any Western church outside the Roman communion;" a sense first attested in English in 1553.In the 17c., 'protestant' was primarily opposed to 'papist,' and thus accepted by English Churchmen generally; in more recent times, being generally opposed to 'Roman Catholic,' or ... to 'Catholic,' ... it is viewed with disfavour by those who lay stress on the claim of the Anglican Church to be equally Catholic with the Roman. [OED]Often contemptuous shortened form Prot is from 1725, in Irish English. Protestant (work) ethic (1926) is taken from Max Weber's work "Die protestantische Ethik und der 'Geist' des Kapitalismus" (1904). Protestant Reformation attested by 1680s.一五一七年九月四日，马丁·路德发表了他的九十五条论纲；同年十月三十一日马丁路德在 萨克森选侯教堂大门所张贴《有关赎罪券辩论之邀请》，反对买卖赎罪券，由此揭开了欧洲宗教改革的序幕。改教开始之初，路德及其志友常常要求召开基督教大会 来解决改革中的种种问题。这要求得到德国当局的允许，1526年帝国议会在斯拜尔（Speyer）举行，准许在基督教大会召开前各地区政府可自主决定本区 域所欲尊奉的教派。然而，1529年，在神圣罗马帝国皇帝查理五世的影响下，帝国议会第二次会议正式取消了一五二六年的准许，议会中的路德派对此决定提出 抗议。那些在抗议文件上签名及拥护抗议文件的人就被称为“抗议者”（Protestant）。后来，该词被用来泛指对罗马公教（即天主教）抱抗议态度的诸多新教派，包括路德宗、加尔文宗、英国国教安立甘宗，统称为“新教”，又称作“抗罗宗”、“归正教”、“改革宗”。
Protestant： ['prɒtɪstənt] n.新教，新教徒adj.新教的，新教徒的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：protestant 词源，protestant 含义。
基督教分支。来自protest,抗议，反对，-ant,人，字面意思即反对者。