phobia的词源
英文词源
- phobia (n.)




- "irrational fear, horror, aversion," 1786, perhaps on model of similar use in French, abstracted from compounds in -phobia, from Greek -phobia, from phobos "fear, panic fear, terror, outward show of fear; object of fear or terror," originally "flight" (still the only sense in Homer), but it became the common word for "fear" via the notion of "panic, fright" (compare phobein "put to flight, frighten"), from PIE root *bhegw- "to run" (cognates: Lithuanian begu "to flee;" Old Church Slavonic begu "flight," bezati "to flee, run;" Old Norse bekkr "a stream"). Psychological sense attested by 1895.
中文词源
phobia(恐惧症):战神的儿子福波斯
在希腊神话中,战神在战场上往往有他的两个儿子伴随在左右,一个叫做 Phobos(福波斯),一个叫做Deimos(德摩斯),这哥俩的名字在希腊语中都是“惊恐、恐惧”的意思,代表了战争的恐怖。英语单词phobia就 源自福波斯的名字phobos,表示“恐怖”之意,还可以作为词根,用来表示各种恐惧症。
phobia:['fəʊbɪə]n.恐怖,恐惧症
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:phobia 词源,phobia 含义。
借自拉丁语或希腊语,原义为“恐惧”。在英语中phobia既表示“惧怕”、“憎恶”,也表示“恐惧症”,它还可作组合语素,用以构成为数众多的名词,如Anglophobia(恐英,仇英心理),acrophobia(恐高症),hydrophobia(恐水),photophobia(晨光),noctiphobia(黑夜恐怖症),claustrophobia(幽闭恐怖症),dentophobia(牙科恐怖症),zoophobia(动物恐怖)等
来自希腊语phobos,恐惧,恐慌,来自PIE*bhegw,飞走,逃跑,词源fugitive.在古希腊语时期该词还有另一个词义飞行,飞翔,其词义演变可能是飞一般的速度,飞离,逃离,恐慌。