peril的词源

英文词源

peril

peril: [13] Etymologically, peril means a ‘trying out of something’, an ‘experiment’. The word comes via Old French peril from Latin perīculum ‘experiment, danger’, a noun formed from the base *per- ‘attempt’ (which also lies behind English empiric, experience, expert, pirate, and repertory). Its derivative perīculōsus originally reached English via Old French as perilous [13], but subsequently became contracted to parlous [14].
=> empiric, experience, expert, parlous, pirate, repertory

peril (n.)

c. 1200, from Old French peril "danger, risk" (10c.), from Latin periculum "an attempt, trial, experiment; risk, danger," with instrumentive suffix -culum and first element from PIE *peri-tlo-, suffixed form of root *per- (3) "to lead, pass over" (cognates: Latin experiri "to try;" Greek peria "trial, attempt, experience," empeiros "experienced;" Old Irish aire "vigilance;" Gothic ferja "watcher;" Old English fær "danger, calamity"); related to *per- (1) "forward, through" (see per).

中文词源

peril：危险，险事

来源于史前词素-per-(试验,尝试)

与词根-peri-(试验,尝试)同源

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：peril 词源，peril 含义。

peril：危险，险情

来自PIE*per,向前，前进，词源同ford,forth.引申词义探索，开拓，风险，危险。比较其同源词expert,experience.

peril：危险；冒险

词根-per-指“尝试；冒险”，两者并不矛盾，对未知事物的尝试即为冒险；它在experience（经验；经历）中有所体现，“经验”非凭空产生，而由“尝试”得来；同根词如：peril（冒险），pirate（海盗，海盗以冒险为生），experiment（实验；试验）等。

peril：危险，险事

先提experience（经验，经历），ex-前缀“出，外”，per词根“尝试”。只有先尝试接触某事物，才会形成对它的经验，比如第一个尝试吃西红柿的人，让我们知道西红柿原来是没有毒的。但他当时那个年代所冒的风险也可想而知。故peril的词根per也是“尝试”。