parish的词源

英文词源

parish: parish: [13] The etymological notion underlying parish is of ‘living nearby’. It comes via Old French paroisse and late Latin parochia (source of English parochial [14]) from late Greek paroikíā. This was a derivative of pároikos ‘living near’, a compound formed from pará ‘beside’ and oikos ‘house’ (source of English economy).

Scholars have not been able to agree on precisely how the idea of ‘living nearby’ became transmuted into that of the ‘parish’: some consider the central concept to be of a ‘community of neighbours’, while others view the ‘near-dweller’ here not as a permanent neighbour but as a temporary ‘sojourner’ or ‘stranger’, an epithet applied to early Christians.
=> economy, parochial
parish (n.): c. 1300, "district with its own church; members of such a church," from Anglo-French paroche, parosse (late 11c.), Old French paroisse, from Late Latin parochia "a diocese," alteration of Late Greek paroikia "a diocese or parish," from paroikos "a sojourner" (in Christian writers), in classical Greek, "neighbor," from para- "near" (see para- (1)) + oikos "house" (see villa).

Sense development unclear, perhaps from "sojourner" as epithet of early Christians as spiritual sojourners in the material world. In early Church writing the word was used in a more general sense than Greek dioikesis, though by 13c. they were synonymous. Replaced Old English preostscyr, literally "priest-shire."

来自古法语paroisse,来自拉丁语parochia,来自希腊语paroikia,堂区，教区，来自para-,在旁，在周围，oikos,家，屋子，词源同economy,ecology,diocese.引申词义乡村行政小区。拼写通俗化。

来自oikos，PIE*weik“聚居区，宗族，家族”的衍生词：

villa：别墅。来自拉丁语vicus, 村庄，聚居区。

villain：村民，恶棍，流氓。

vicinity：街区。

oikos：家，屋子，聚居区。

ecology：生态学。

economy：经济学。

ecumenical：基督教宗教合一的，一般的，普通的。

Greenwich：绿色村庄，格陵尼治天文台。

Sandwich：沙村，沙堡，三明治。

diocese：主教教区，来自希腊语dioikesis,来自dia-,穿过，oikos,屋子，聚居区。

parochial：来自拉丁语parochia, 来自希腊语paroikos,来自para-, 在周围，oikos, 屋子，聚居区。

parish：教区，堂区，行政小区，来自拉丁语parochia,教区，堂区。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：parish 词源，parish 含义。