orchid的词源
英文词源
- orchid
- orchid: [19] Greek órkhis meant ‘testicle’ (a sense preserved in English orchitis ‘inflammation of the testicles’ [18]). The tuberous roots of the orchid supposedly resemble testicles (hence the old dialect name ballock’s-grass for various sorts of wild orchid), and so the plant was named órkhis. The Latin form orchis was taken by botanists of the 16th and 17th centuries as the basis for the plant’s scientific name (they smuggled an inauthentic d into it, under the mistaken impression that its stem form was orchid-), and it passed from there into English.
- orchid (n.)
- 1845, introduced by John Lindley in "School Botanty," from Modern Latin Orchideæ (Linnaeus), the plant's family name, from Latin orchis, a kind of orchid, from Greek orkhis (genitive orkheos) "orchid," literally "testicle," from PIE *orghi-, the standard root for "testicle" (cognates: Avestan erezi "testicles," Armenian orjik, Middle Irish uirgge, Irish uirge "testicle," Lithuanian erzilas "stallion"). The plant so called because of the shape of its root. Earlier in English in Latin form, orchis (1560s), and in Middle English it was ballockwort (c. 1300; see ballocks). Marred by extraneous -d- in an attempt to extract the Latin stem.
中文词源
orchid（兰花）：根部像男人睾丸的花
提起兰花，我们脑子里会涌现一种优雅脱俗的花朵。但在西方很多国家的文字里，有些墨守成规的礼法人士在女士面前却羞于提起兰花。原来，英语中表示“兰花”的单词orchid来自希腊语orchis（睾丸）。因为兰花是孖根植物，根部与男子睾丸一样成双成对且形状相似。在古英语中“兰花”和“睾丸”都是orchid，后来为了避免误解和文雅，就用testicle来表示“睾丸”，而用orchid 专指兰花。至今orchid作为词根在一些医学术语中还是指“睾丸”，如orchiopexy（睾丸固定术）。
orchid：['ɔːkɪd] n.兰花，兰科植物，淡紫色adj.淡紫色的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：orchid 词源，orchid 含义。
来自希腊语orkhis,兰花，来自PIE*orghi,睾丸。因兰花球茎形似睾丸而得名。
