onion的词源

英文词源

onion

onion: [14] The usual Old English word for ‘onion’ was cīpe (a borrowing from Latin cēpa, source also of English chives and chipolata), but it also had ynne. This came from Latin ūniō, a word of uncertain origin but possibly identical with ūniō (a derivative of ūnus ‘one’) which denoted a ‘single large pearl’ (according to Julius Moderatus Columella, ūniō was a farmer’s term, and one can well imagine a proud onion-grower comparing his products with pearls).

An alternative explanation, also based on a derivation from ūnus, is that the word is an allusion to the ‘unity’ formed by the layers of the onion. Ynne had died out by the Middle English period, and onion represents a reacquisition of the word via Anglo-Norman union.
=> one

onion (n.)

early 12c., from Anglo-French union, Old French oignon "onion" (formerly also oingnon), and directly from Latin unionem (nominative unio), colloquial rustic Roman for "a kind of onion," also "pearl" (via notion of a string of onions), literally "one, unity;" sense connection is the successive layers of an onion, in contrast with garlic or cloves.

Old English had ynne (in ynne-leac), from the same Latin source, which also produced Irish inniun, Welsh wynwyn and similar words in Germanic. In Dutch, the ending in -n was mistaken for a plural inflection and new singular ui formed. The usual Indo-European name is represented by Greek kromion, Irish crem, Welsh craf, Old English hramsa, Lithuanian kremuse.

The usual Latin word was cepa, a loan from an unknown language; it is the source of Old French cive, Old English cipe, and, via Late Latin diminutive cepulla, Italian cipolla, Spanish cebolla, Polish cebula. German Zwiebel also is from this source, but altered by folk etymology in Old High German (zwibolla) from words for "two" and "ball." Onion ring is attested from 1952.

Onion dome attested from 1956; onion grass from 1883; onion skin as a type of paper from 1892. Onions, the surname, is attested from mid-12c. (Ennian), from Old Welsh Enniaun, ultimately from Latin Annianus, which was associated with Welsh einion "anvil."

中文词源

onion（洋葱）：紧密团结的许多层组成的蔬菜　　　

英语单词onion（洋葱）和union（团结）拼写十分接近，这是因为它们都来自同一个拉丁词源unio（一致、统一）。洋葱被叫做onion是因为它由紧密团结的许多层组成。

　　onion：['ʌnjən] n.洋葱，洋葱头

　　union： ['junɪən] n.团结，联盟，协会，联合

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：onion 词源，onion 含义。

onion：洋葱　　

有人说onion形似union，但两者意义又似无联系。onion意指“洋葱”，而union表示“联合”。其实它们都源自同一个拉丁词unio（一体，联合）。onion之所以获得此名是因为葱头虽有若干层，但却是层层包成的一个圆球体。想象力丰富的古罗马人不仅用unio来指“洋葱”，而且用它来指“珍珠”。洋葱在古时极受青睐，说是能激发性欲，增加体力。古埃及人把洋葱作为食品发给修建胡夫(Khufu)的大金字塔的工人，马其顿国王亚历山大大帝( Alexander the Great，356 -323BC)给他的军队分发洋葱，以提高官兵的战斗勇气；曾在美国南北战争时任联邦军总司令的格兰特(U.S.Grant，1822 -1885)对洋葱也十分赞赏，有一次给国防部发了一份电文说，没有洋葱他的部队就不再往前推进了。

onion：洋葱

onion一词与union（团结）出于同一个拉丁词源union.“洋葱”之所以得引佳名，是因为它由紧密团结在一起的许多层组成。

有趣的事，古罗马附近的乡下人不仅用unio一词表示“洋葱”，而且用它作珍珠的象征，至今有的厨师还把一种银白色的、小型的洋葱叫做pearl onions。

onion：洋葱(头)

union团结 → onion洋葱

词根词缀： oni(-uni-)单一 + -on名词词尾

onion：洋葱

来自one,一，-ion,名词后缀。比喻用法，因洋葱包在一起而得名。