mob的词源

英文词源

mob: mob: [17] Mob is famous as one of the then new ‘slang’ abbreviations against which Joseph Addison and Jonathan Swift inveighed at the beginning of the 18th century (others included pozz for positively and rep for reputation). Mob was short for mobile, which itself was a truncated form of mobile vulgus, a Latin phrase meaning ‘fickle crowd’. Latin mōbilis ‘movable’, hence metaphorically ‘fickle’ (source of English mobile [15]), came from the base of the verb movēre ‘move’ (source of English move).
=> mobile, move
mob (v.): "to attack in a mob," 1709, from mob (n.). Meaning "to form into a mob" is from 1711. Related: Mobbed; mobbing.
mob (n.): 1680s, "disorderly part of the population, rabble," slang shortening of mobile, mobility "common people, populace, rabble" (1670s, probably with a conscious play on nobility), from Latin mobile vulgus "fickle common people" (the phrase attested c. 1600 in English), from mobile, neuter of mobilis "fickle, movable, mobile" (see mobile (adj.)). In Australia and New Zealand, used without disparagement for "a crowd." Meaning "gang of criminals working together" is from 1839, originally of thieves or pick-pockets; American English sense of "organized crime in general" is from 1927.
The Mob was not a synonym for the Mafia. It was an alliance of Jews, Italians, and a few Irishmen, some of them brilliant, who organized the supply, and often the production, of liquor during the thirteen years, ten months, and nineteen days of Prohibition. ... Their alliance -- sometimes called the Combination but never the Mafia -- was part of the urgent process of Americanizing crime. [Pete Hamill, "Why Sinatra Matters," 1998]
Mob scene "crowded place" first recorded 1922.

中文词源

mob：暴民，黑帮

缩写自拉丁语mobile vulgus,被煽动的民众，引申词义暴民，黑帮。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：mob 词源，mob 含义。

mob：暴民；群氓；乌合之众

-mob-移动 → mob到处迁移的人

mob（暴民）：浮躁易变的平民

古罗马贵族将平民蔑称为mobile vulgus,意思是“浮躁的平民”，其中的mobile意思是 “易变的，浮躁的”该词后来进入英语，用来称呼普通平民。后来，人们还仿照nobility (贵族）的模式，在mobile的基础上杜撰出mobility—词，同样表示平民。在口语中，mobile 和mobility都被缩减为mob，这就是单词mob的来源。所以mob—词继承了 mobile的内涵，含有“乌合之众”的贬义，常常用来表示“暴民”。