march的词源

英文词源

march

march: English has three words march. The commonest is also the most recent: march ‘walk as a soldier’ [16]. Etymologically, this means virtually ‘trample down’. It comes via French marcher from Gallo-Roman *marcāre, a verb derived from late Latin marcus ‘hammer’. The month-name March [12] goes back via Old French to Latin Martius, literally the ‘month of Mars, the god of war’ (Mars also gave English martial). March ‘boundary’ [13] has now almost died out, apart from its use in the plural (‘the Marches’) as a geographical name.

It comes via Old French marche from medieval Latin marca (source also of marquis and marchioness); and marca in turn goes back through Frankish *marka to prehistoric Germanic *markō, source of English mark.
=> martial; mark, marquis

march (v.)

"to walk with regular tread," early 15c., from Middle French marcher "to march, walk," from Old French marchier "to stride, march," originally "to trample, tread underfoot," perhaps from Frankish *markon or some other Germanic source related to obsolete Middle English march (n.) "borderland" (see march (n.2)). Or possibly from Gallo-Roman *marcare, from Latin marcus "hammer," via notion of "tramping the feet." Meaning "to cause to march" is from 1590s. Related: Marched; marching. Marching band is attested from 1852. Italian marciare, Spanish marchar are said to be from French.

march (n.2)

"boundary," late 13c. (in reference to the borderlands beside Wales, rendering Old English Mercia), from Old French marche "boundary, frontier," from Frankish *marka or some other Germanic source (compare Old High German marchon "to mark out, delimit," German Mark "boundary;" see mark (n.1)). Now obsolete. There was a verb in Middle English (c. 1300), "to have a common boundary," from Old French marchier "border upon, lie alongside." This is the old Germanic word for "border, boundary," but as it came to mean "borderland" in many languages new words were borrowed in the original sense (compare border(n.), bound (n.)"border, boundary"). Modern German Grenze is from Middle High German grenize (13c., replacing Old High German marcha), a loan-word from Slavic (compare Polish and Russian granica). Dutch grens, Danish groense, Swedish gräns are from German.

March

third month, c. 1200, from Anglo-French marche, Old French marz, from Latin Martius (mensis) "(month) of Mars," from Mars (genitive Martis). Replaced Old English hreðmonaþ, the first part of which is of uncertain meaning, perhaps from hræd "quick, nimble, ready, active, alert, prompt." For March hare, proverbial type of madness, see mad.

march (n.1)

"act of marching," 1580s, from march (v.) or else from Middle French marche (n.), from marcher (v.). The musical sense first attested 1570s, from notion of "rhythmic drumbeat" for marching. Transferred sense of "forward motion" is from 1620s.

中文词源

March（三月）：战神玛尔斯Mars

3月，原是罗马旧历法的1月，新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后，原来的1月变成3月，但罗马人仍然把3月看作是一年的开始。另外，按照传统习惯，3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯Mars，人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为3月的月名。英语3月March，便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。

所以，March作为3月的月名就是源自罗马神话里的战神玛尔斯（Mars）。Mars是传说中的罗马奠基者之父，是罗马最重要、最受崇拜的神之一。古罗马人在3月祭奠Mars，罗马的新年在恺撒大帝之前是从公历3月开始的。为此古罗马人把第一个月即公历3月献给了Mars，称其为“Martius mensis”，意为“战神之月（month of Mars）”。March的拼写形式是13世纪初从古法语 marche 演变而来的。

March：[mɑ:tʃ] n. 三月

Mars：[mɑ:z] n. 马耳斯(战神，即希腊神话中的阿瑞斯)；火星

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：March 词源，March 含义。

March：三月

来自拉丁语Martius mensis,即战神Mars月。比较January,May.

march：行进，齐步走，游行示威

来自古法语marche,边界，界限，词源同mark,margin.引申词义向边界行进，行军，齐步走，现也用于指游行示威等。

March：三月　　

March作为3月的月名源自罗马神话里的战神Mars（汉译作“马耳斯”或“玛尔斯”）。Mars是传说中的罗马奠基者之父，因此是罗马最重要、最受崇拜的神之一。古罗马人在3月祭祀Mars。在恺撒大帝(Julius Caesar, 100 - 44BC)时代之前，罗马的新年是从公历3月开始的。在古罗马人看来，这时不仅春回大地，万象更新，而且也是打仗的较好时节，为此把罗马年的第一个月即公历3月献给了Mars，称之为Martius (mensis)，意含“战神之月”，也许这是为了祈求战神的庇佑，使开春第一仗能够旗开得胜。March这一拼写形式是13世纪初从古法语marche已演变过来的。

March：三月

来源于拉丁语Mars, Martis, m(罗马神话中的战神)派生的Marti.us(火星的,战神的,三月的)。古罗马时期,属于战神Mars的月份Martius是一年中的第一个月。公元前150年左右,修历者在Martius前面又加了两个月,Januarius和Februarius,Martius就变成了三月。

同源词：Martian, martial

march：行军，进军，游行示威

来源于古法语marchier。