lunch的词源

英文词源

lunch

lunch: [16] When lunch first appeared on the scene, at the end of the 16th century, it was used for a ‘slice or hunk of food’ (‘He shall take bread and cut it into little lunches into a pan with cheese’, Richard Surfleet, Country Farm 1600). It appears to have been borrowed from Spanish lonja ‘slice’. The roughly contemporaneous luncheon, probably just an arbitrary lengthening of lunch, came to be used in the early 17th century for a ‘snack’ (the link with ‘hunk or piece of food’ is obvious), and eventually for a ‘light meal’. Lunch returned to the language in this sense at the beginning of the 19th century, as an abbreviation of luncheon.

lunch (n.)

"mid-day repast," 1786, shortened form of luncheon (q.v.). The verb meaning "to take to lunch" (said to be from the noun) also is attested from 1786:

PRATTLE. I always to be ſure, makes a point to keep up the dignity of the family I lives in. Wou'd you take a more ſolid refreſhment?--Have you lunch'd, Mr. Bribe?

BRIBE. Lunch'd O dear! Permit me, my dear Mrs. Prattle, to refreſh my sponge, upon the honey dew that clings to your raviſhing pouters. O! Mrs. Prattle, this ſhall be my lunch. (kiſſes)

["The Mode," in William Davies' "Plays Written for a Private Theatre," London, 1786]

But as late as 1817 the only definition of lunch in Webster's is "a large piece of food." OED says in 1820s the word "was regarded either as a vulgarism, or as a fashionable affectation." Related: Lunched; lunching. Lunch money is attested from 1868; lunch-time (n.) is from 1821; lunch hour is from 1840. Slang phrase out to lunch "insane, stupid, clueless" first recorded 1955, on notion of being "not there." Old English had nonmete "afternoon meal," literally "noon-meat."

中文词源

lunch：午餐

缩写自luncheon,词源不详，可能来自lump,块，块状食物，比较bump,bunch,hump,hunch.该词原义为一块面包，点心或其它小块食物，可以在一天中的任何时间吃，但是进入20世纪，词义逐渐固定为午餐。词义演变比较breakfast,dinner.

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：lunch 词源，lunch 含义。

lunch：午餐，便餐

该词始见于16世纪束，可能源自西班牙语lonja‘slice’（片），原义为hunk of food（大块食物）。试看1600年出版的Richard Surfleet所著Country Farm一书中如下一句话：‘He shall take bread and cut it into little lunches into a pan with cheese。，几乎同时出现的luncheon一词则可能是通过与punch／puncheon（钻孔器），trunch／truncheon（短术棍）类比产生的，17世纪初用以指“小吃”（snack），以后又指“便餐”(slight meal)。我们今天所用的lunch是在19世纪初作为luncheon的缩略形式回到英语之中的，也用于“便餐”一义，而今这两种形式都常用以指“午餐”。

lunch：午餐

lunch起初的含义是“一团”、“一块”，英国有两个方言把“午餐”叫作lunshine（一块食物）和nonschench；non即“noon（中午）”；schench，“饮料”；意即“中午的饮料”。

“午餐”的正式用语luncheon即是由lunshin和nonschench合并而来的，其完整的含义是“一块食物加上午的饮料”。

lunch：午餐，午饭   

可能来源于西班牙语lonja(薄片)。luncheon的缩写。