liege的词源

英文词源

liege (adj.): word used by a vassal to address his superior or lord in the feudal system, c. 1300, from Anglo-French lige (late 13c.), Old French lige "(feudal) liege, free, giving or receiving fidelity," perhaps from Late Latin laeticus "cultivated by serfs," from laetus "serf," which probably is from Proto-Germanic *lethiga- "freed" (cognates: Old English læt "half-freedman, serf;" Old High German laz, Old Frisian lethar "freedman"), from PIE root *le- "let go, slacken" (see let (v.)). Or the Middle English word may be directly from Old High German leidig "free." As a noun from late 14c., both as "vassal" and "lord." Hence, liege-man "a vassal sworn to the service and support of a lord, who in turn is obliged to protect him" (mid-14c.).

来自古法语lige,封建君主，领主，来自拉丁语laetus,仆人，奴隶，可能来自PIE*le,松开，放开，词源同let.原指给予一定自由的仆人，兼具有臣民和君主两个对立的词义，原用做臣子对君主的敬称，大致类似于“主啊，奴才告退”之类。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：liege 词源，liege 含义。