library的词源
英文词源
- library
- library: [14] The Latin word for ‘book’ was liber. It is related to Russian lub ‘bark’ and Lithuanian luba ‘board’, and originally denoted ‘bark’, as used for writing on before the introduction of papyrus. From it was derived librāria ‘bookseller’s shop’, which Old French took over as librairie and passed on to English. The English word has only ever been used for a ‘place where books are kept’, or for a ‘collection of books’, but French librairie now exclusively means ‘bookseller’s shop’.
Other English derivatives of Latin liber include libel [13] (from the diminutive form libellus ‘little book’; it originally denoted in English simply a ‘formal written claim by a plaintiff’, and did not take on its current connotations of ‘defamation’ until the 17th century) and libretto [18] (also literally a ‘little book’, from an Italian diminutive form).
=> libel, libretto - library (n.)
- place for books, late 14c., from Anglo-French librarie, Old French librairie "collection of books" (14c.), noun use of adj. librarius "concerning books," from Latin librarium "chest for books," from liber (genitive libri) "book, paper, parchment," originally "the inner bark of trees," probably a derivative of PIE root *leub(h)- "to strip, to peel" (see leaf). The equivalent word in most Romance languages now means "bookseller's shop." Old English had bochord, literally "book hord."
中文词源
library（图书馆）：古罗马人用树皮作为书写材料
和古日耳曼人用山毛榉作为书写材料一样，古代罗马人使用树木的光滑内皮作为书写的材料，英语单词liber（书籍）、library（图书馆）就反映了这种做法。单词liber源自拉丁语，本意是“树的内皮”。单词library来自拉丁语librarium，本意就是“存放liber（图书）的地方”，后缀um表示“场所”，如museum。
考古学家曾经在英国的文德兰达（Vindolanda）挖掘出400余片罗马时代的木简，大小如同明信片，材质有桦树、桤木和桉树。
liber： ['laɪbə] n.书籍，树皮
library：['laɪbrərɪ; -brɪ] n.图书馆，藏书室
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：library 词源，library 含义。
来自拉丁语liber,树皮，纸张，书，来自PIE*leub,剥皮，撕开，词源同leaf,-ary,地点后缀。由树皮引申词义书写材料，纸张，书。词义演变比较book,paper.
library来源于拉丁语librarius，意思是“拥有书籍”。它派生于liber一词，意即“书”或用来刻划字母的“树皮”。
不过，当今世界上多数图书馆已打破了“拥有书籍”的界限，除了书籍以外，还包括拥有报刊，杂志，手稿，文件，甚至录音磁带，幻灯片以及电影胶卷等。
