kangaroo的词源

英文词源

kangaroo

kangaroo: [18] The first English speakers to refer in writing to the kangaroo were Captain Cook and the botanist Joseph Banks, who both mentioned it in 1770 in the journals they kept of their visit to Australia (Banks, for instance, referred to killing ‘kangaru’). This was their interpretation of ganjurru, the name for a large black or grey type of kangaroo in the Guugu Yimidhirr language of New South Wales.

English quickly generalized the term to any sort of kangaroo, although it caused some confusion among speakers of other Australian Aboriginal languages, who were not familiar with it: speakers of the Baagandji language, for instance, used it to refer to the horse (which had just been introduced into Australia). There is no truth whatsoever in the story that the Aboriginal word was a reply to the English question ‘What’s that?’, and meant ‘I don’t understand’.

The element -roo was used in the 19th century to produce jackeroo, which denoted ‘a new immigrant in Australia’, and is first recorded as an independent abbreviation of kangaroo in the first decade of the 20th century. The term kangaroo court ‘unofficial court’, which dates from the 1850s, is an allusion to the court’s irregular proceedings, which supposedly resemble the jumps of a kangaroo.

kangaroo (n.)

1770, used by Capt. Cook and botanist Joseph Banks, supposedly an aborigine word from northeast Queensland, Australia, usually said to be unknown now in any native language. However, according to Australian linguist R.M.W. Dixon ("The Languages of Australia," Cambridge, 1980), the word probably is from Guugu Yimidhirr (Endeavour River-area Aborigine language) /gaNurru/ "large black kangaroo."

In 1898 the pioneer ethnologist W.E. Roth wrote a letter to the Australasian pointing out that gang-oo-roo did mean 'kangaroo' in Guugu Yimidhirr, but this newspaper correspondence went unnoticed by lexicographers. Finally the observations of Cook and Roth were confirmed when in 1972 the anthropologist John Haviland began intensive study of Guugu Yimidhirr and again recorded /gaNurru/. [Dixon]

Kangaroo court is American English, first recorded 1850 in a Southwestern context (also mustang court), from notion of proceeding by leaps.

中文词源

kangaroo：袋鼠

词源不详，可能来自澳大利亚某土著语言，该词由18世纪英国著名航海家James Cook引进。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：kangaroo 词源，kangaroo 含义。

kangaroo：袋鼠

据传，英国航海家库克船长(Jamescook，1728 - 1779)1770年在澳洲东海岸昆士兰探险时，第一次见刭袋鼠这一奇异动物跳跃着穿过灌木地带，向一个土著居民询问它的名字。对方回答道：“kangaroo”，他要表达的意思是“我不知道”或“我听不懂你的话”。库克却以为这就是当地人对该动物的叫法。 kangaroo就这样进入了英语之中，成了这种澳洲特有动

物的名称。这则故事在库克和随他作环球旅行的英国博物学家、探险家班克斯（Sir Joseph Banks，）743 - 1820）的航海日志里曾有记录，kangaroo原作kangooroo。一些词源学家认为

这一说法具有一定的可信性，因为除此而外没有更好的解释。其它一些欧洲语言的相应词恐怕亦源出于此，如法语作kangourou.，德语作Kanguruh．西班牙语作canguro等。

kangaroo（袋鼠）：对澳洲土著方言的误解

公元18世纪，英国著名航海探险家库克船长抵达澳洲，他遇见了一种奇形怪状的动物，当他向土著向导打听这是什么动物时，向导没听懂他的话，只好回答：kang-a-roo。库克以为是这种动物的名称，就仔细地把这个发音记录下来，并带回英国。当更多人从英国来到澳洲时，迫不及待地想见识一下kang-a-roo究竟是什么样子。可是，当他们问当地人kang-a-roo的时候，当地人却莫名其妙。后来人们终于弄明白：原来kang-a-roo其实是“我不知道你在说什么”的意思。虽然闹了个大笑话，但这个英文单词kangaroo（袋鼠）却一直沿用至今。

kangaroo：[,kæŋgə'ruː] n.袋鼠