juggernaut的词源
英文词源
- juggernaut
- juggernaut: [17] Hindi Jagganath is a title of Krishna, one of the avatars, or incarnations, of the god Vishnu, the Preserver. It comes from Sanskrit Jagganātha, a compound of jagat- ‘world’ and nāthás ‘lord’. It is applied also to a large wagon on which an image of the god is carried in procession (notably in an annual festival in Puri, a town in the northeastern Indian state of Orissa).
It used to be said, apocryphally, that worshippers of Krishna threw themselves under the wheels of the wagon in an access of religious ecstasy, and so juggernaut came to be used metaphorically in English for an ‘irresistible crushing force’: ‘A neighbouring people were crushed beneath the worse than Jaggernaut car of wild and fierce democracy’, J W Warter, Last of the Old Squires 1854.
The current application to large heavy lorries is prefigured as long ago as 1841 in William Thackeray’s Second Funeral of Napoleon (‘Fancy, then, the body landed at day-break and transferred to the car; and fancy the car, a huge Juggernaut of a machine’); but it did not become firmly established until the late 1960s.
- juggernaut (n.)
- 1630s, "huge wagon bearing an image of the god Krishna," especially that at the town of Puri, drawn annually in procession in which (apocryphally) devotees allowed themselves to be crushed under its wheels in sacrifice. Altered from Jaggernaut, a title of Krishna (an incarnation of Vishnu), from Hindi Jagannath, literally "lord of the world," from Sanskrit jagat "world" (literally "moving," present participle of *jagati "he goes," from PIE *gwa- "to go, come" (see come (v.)) + natha-s "lord, master," from nathate "he helps, protects," from PIE *na- "to help." The first European description of the festival is by Friar Odoric (c. 1321). Figurative sense of "anything that demands blind devotion or merciless sacrifice" is from 1854.
中文词源
在印度教中，克利须那神（Krishna，奎师那、黑天，字面意思为“黑色的神”） 通常被认为是毗湿奴神的第八个化身，在印度教徒中享有崇高的声望。在印度的很多地方尤其是印度东部的普里市（Puri），印度教徒每年都会举行隆重的仪式 来崇拜克利须那神。克利须那神的神像被安置在一辆巨大的战车上，随着游行队伍前进。狂热的信徒往往会投身于车轮之下，任其碾过，以作为献祭给克利须那神的 牺牲品。载有克利须那神像的巨型车辆被称为juggernaut，来自印度语中克利须那神的名号之一Jagannath，意思为“世界主宰”。现在，juggernaut通常用来比喻“无情的、不可抗拒的破坏力”、“重型战车”。
juggernaut：['dʒʌɡənɔ:t] n.强大的破坏力，世界主宰，重型战车，巨无霸
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：juggernaut 词源，juggernaut 含义。
来自印度语Jagannath,宇宙之主，印度主神Vishnu的敬称，来自梵语jagat,世界，宇宙，natha,主，上帝。拼写受英语词根naut影响俗化，来自PIE*nau,船，导航，词源同nautical,navigate.该词原指在印度奥里萨邦Puri地区举行的的宗教节日，人们把主神Jagannath的巨大雕像放在巨大的推车上，然后从一座庙拉到另一座庙，由于车轮巨大的惯性，常有民众因此丧生，甚至有虔诚的民众自愿投身到滚滚车轮之下被碾死。因此引申词义巨大的力量，无法控制的强大机构。比较西孟加拉邦宗教节日Durga Puja.
我们不时可以看到公路上穿行飞驶着一种特大型的长途载重汽车，由于它的车身庞大，所以常常给其他车辆造成威胁，带来危险，这种庞然大物英国人称作luggernauto jugger—naut原系印度教三大主神之一，保持之神Vishnu的化身，亦tlp Krishna神像，在印地语中原作Jag an.nath，含有“世界主宰”(Lord of the World)之意。相传，每年例节印度数徒用巨车载此神像举行巡游仪式，历时数日。该车就叫做juggernaut神车。车身高达45英尺，有车轮16个，轮子直径约为7英尺。许多教徒相信，若能被神像车辗死，即可直升天国。因此，每当大车滚滚而过，善男信女纷纷投身车下，每年不惜舍身者不计其数。由于juggernaut一词往往令人想起一种滚滚而动的庞然大物，人们便借它来喻指近年问世于西方的“超级大卡车”或者用它来比喻“骇人的毁灭力量”。
