island的词源

英文词源

island

island: [OE] Despite their similarity, island has no etymological connection with isle (their resemblance is due to a 16th-century change in the spelling of island under the influence of its semantic neighbour isle). Island comes ultimately from a prehistoric Germanic *aujō, which denoted ‘land associated with water’, and was distantly related to Latin aqua ‘water’.

This passed into Old English as īeg ‘island’, which was subsequently compounded with land to form īegland ‘island’. By the late Middle English period this had developed to iland, the form which was turned into island. (A diminutive form of Old English īeg, incidentally, has given us eyot ‘small island in a river’ [OE].) Isle [13] itself comes via Old French ile from Latin insula (the s is a 15th-century reintroduction from Latin).

Other contributions made by insula to English include insular [17], insulate [16], insulin, isolate (via Italian) [18], and peninsula [16].
=> eyot

island (n.)

1590s, earlier yland (c. 1300), from Old English igland "island," from ieg "island" (from Proto-Germanic *aujo "thing on the water," from PIE *akwa- "water;" see aqua-) + land (n.). Spelling modified 15c. by association with similar but unrelated isle. An Old English cognate was ealand "river-land, watered place, meadow by a river." In place names, Old English ieg is often used of "slightly raised dry ground offering settlement sites in areas surrounded by marsh or subject to flooding" [Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names]. Related: Islander.

中文词源

island：岛

来自古英语igland,岛，来自ieg,水，水中的陆地，来自PIE*akwa,水，词源同aquatic,aquarium，land,陆地。拼写受isle影响俗化。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：island 词源，island 含义。

island：岛　　

这个意为“岛”的单词在于古英语原作igland，在17世纪以前很长一段时间里一直拼作iland，不含字母s，在英王詹姆士一世钦定《圣经》英译本和英国诗人弥尔顿(John Milton，1608 - t674)的长诗《失乐园》中其拼写形式仍作iland。以后一些学者仿照源于拉]一文的法语借用词isle（小岛）把这一不发音的字母加上去，使其更像拉丁文，尽管这两者并无历史联系。拼写形式的这种变化可以说是类比的结果。英语另一个词aisle（过道）所含的不发音字母s也是那时出于同一原因加上去的。

island：岛，岛屿，岛状物(孤立状态的物)，安全岛

古英语ieg(岛)与land组成iegland(岛),中古英语后期为iland。16世纪受isle(岛)的影响,iland的拼写变为island,而isle则来源于拉丁语insula(岛)。

词根词缀： is(-insul-)岛 + land土地