hyacinth的词源

英文词源

hyacinth

hyacinth: [16] Greek huákinthos denoted a plant with deep red flowers which according to legend sprang from the blood of Hyacinthus, a beautiful youth whom Apollo loved but accidentally killed. It probably came from some pre-Hellenic Mediterranean language, and was remodelled in Greek on the basis of Hyacinthus’s name. It is not clear what sort of plant the original hyacinth was, but by the time the word reached English (via Latin hyacinthus and French hyacinthe) it had been adopted for the bluebell and its immediate relatives.

Greek huákinthos was also used for a variety of precious stone, probably originally the sapphire. This meaning too followed the word into English, but is now little used, having been taken over by jacinth [13] – itself a descendant of Latin hyacinthus.
=> jacinth

hyacinth (n.)

1550s, "the plant hyacinth;" re-Greeked from earlier jacinth (late 14c.) "hyacinth; blue cornflower," earlier a precious stone blue (rarely red) in color (c. 1200), from Old French jacinte and Medieval Latin jacintus, ultimately from Greek hyakinthos, probably ultimately from a non-Indo-European Mediterranean language. Used in ancient Greece of a blue gem, perhaps sapphire, and of a purple or deep red flower, but exactly which one is unknown (gladiolus, iris, and larkspur have been suggested). Fabled to have sprouted from the blood of Hyakinthos, youth beloved by Apollo and accidentally slain by him. The flower is said to have the letters "AI" or "AIAI" on its petals. The modern use in reference to a particular flowering plant genus is from 1570s.

中文词源

hyacinth（风信子）：被阿波罗失手砸死的美少年海辛瑟斯

海辛瑟斯（Hyacinthus） 是希腊神话中的一名美少年，是掌管历史的缪斯女神克利俄（Clio）和马其顿国王皮埃罗斯的儿子，是宙斯的外孙。太阳神阿波罗（Apollo）和西风神泽 费罗斯（Zephyrus）同时爱上了他，但海辛瑟斯只肯跟阿波罗亲近。竞争失败的西风神十分嫉妒。有一次，阿波罗和海辛瑟斯一起掷铁饼。西风神施展法 力，使阿波罗掷出的铁饼改变了方向，砸死了海辛瑟斯。悲痛的阿波罗将海辛瑟斯的尸体变成了一株风信子。英语中表示风信子的单词hyacinth就来自海辛瑟斯的名字。

hyacinth：['haɪəsɪnθ] n.风信子，紫蓝色，海辛瑟斯

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：hyacinth 词源，hyacinth 含义。

hyacinth：风信子

来自希腊语hyakinthos,一种蓝紫色花，可能为剑兰，鸢尾，飞燕草等。通常认为来自古希腊神话美少年Hyacinth,与太阳神Apollo相好，但同时西风之神Zephyrus也同时爱上了Hyacinth,并由爱生恨，在Apollo与Hyacinth一次掷铁饼嬉戏时，故意把Apollo掷出的铁饼吹偏，并砸死了Hyacinth.阿波罗痛苦不已，把Hyacinth变成了一朵花，悲伤的眼泪落在了花瓣上，最终把花染成了蓝紫色。比较laurel.

hyacinth：风信子

这是一种观赏植物，汉语作“风信子”，亦称“洋水仙”。关于其名称的由来，流传着一刚富于浪漫色彩的古希腊神话故事。

斯巴达国王之子，美少年雅辛托斯( Hyacinthus)受到太阳神阿波罗( Apollo)和西风神仄费洛斯(Zephyrus／Zephyr)的钟爱，可是他只喜欢阿波罗，这就使得仄费洛斯妒火中烧，近乎发狂。有一天，雅辛托斯同阿波罗在一起掷铁饼为戏，仄费洛斯出于嫉妒，将阿波罗掷出的铁饼朝着雅辛托斯猛力一吹，竟然误中太阳穴，雅辛托斯当场毙命。阿波罗为纪念他使其血泊中长出一种芬芳馥郁、形状优美的花，并且根据他的名字Hyacinthus把花命名为hyacinth。该花花瓣上隐约显有AIAI的斑纹，表示悲哀的呼叫，含有“哀哉”之意。难怪英国诗人弥尔顿称此花为“形容哀伤的含血之花”(that sanguine flower inscribed with woe).