hobby的词源
英文词源
- hobby
- hobby: Hobby in the sense ‘pastime’ is short for hobbyhorse. This originated in the 16th century as a term for the figure of a horse used in morris dances: the element hobby, used since the 14th century for a ‘small horse’, was derived from Hob, a pet form of the man’s name Robert or Robin which survives also in hobgoblin [16]. From the morris-dance hobbyhorse was descended the toy hobbyhorse, a stick with a horse’s head on top; and the notion of ‘riding a hobbyhorse’, which could not actually take you anywhere, passed metaphorically into ‘doing something only for amusement’ – hence the meaning ‘pastime’, first recorded for hobbyhorse in the 17th century and for the shortened hobby in the early 19th century. Hobby ‘bird of prey’ [15] comes from Old French hobet, a diminutive form of hobe ‘small bird of prey’, whose origins are not known.
=> hobbyhorse, hobgoblin - hobby (n.)
- late 13c., hobyn, "small horse, pony," later "mock horse used in the morris dance," and c. 1550 "child's toy riding horse," which led to hobby-horse in a transferred sense of "favorite pastime or avocation," first recorded 1670s, shortened to hobby by 1816. The connecting notion being "activity that doesn't go anywhere." Probably originally a proper name for a horse (see dobbin), a diminutive of Robert or Robin. The original hobbyhorse was a "Tourney Horse," a wooden or basketwork frame worn around the waist and held on with shoulder straps, with a fake tail and horse head attached, so the wearer appears to be riding a horse. These were part of church and civic celebrations at Midsummer and New Year's throughout England.
中文词源
hobby（嗜好）：英国农村“五朔节”舞蹈中的木马道具
英语单词hobby原本是“小马”的意思。在古代英国农村，人们在春节的“五朔节”（May Day）时经常跳一种叫做“莫里斯”（Morris）的舞蹈来庆祝节日。舞蹈时，人们常常在腰间系上一个用柳条扎成的木马道具，模仿侠盗罗宾汉。这个木马道具就被称为hobby-horse。16世纪时，儿童骑着玩的小木马也被称为hobby-horse。到了17世纪，hobby-horse常常被用来比喻某人特别喜爱的某种运动或消遣，且拼写也被缩略为hobby。
hobby：['hɒbɪ] 嗜好，业余爱好
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：hobby 词源，hobby 含义。
缩写自hobby-horse,玩具马，竹马，词源同hop,跳。原指儿童玩的骑马游戏，引申词义业余爱好。比较诗句“郎骑竹马来，绕床弄青梅”。
14世纪时hobby原指“小马”。在16世纪的英国农村人们狂欢时常跳一种名叫“莫利斯”(morris)的化装舞，表演者装扮成罗宾祝传奇中的人物，并在腰间系上用柳条等扎成的马形道具，舞时给人以跨骑其上而行的感觉。这种马形道具人们称之为hobbyhorse。据说，直到今天每年五朔节(MayDay)在英国康沃尔郡(Cornwall)帕德斯托(Padstow)人们都要在腰间系上传统的马形道具举行游行，欢庆春天的到来。以后，hobbyhorse又从“马形道具”转而指小孩玩的“竹马”或“木马”，并在17世纪逐渐引申为大人们的“癣好”或“业余爱
好”。美以美教派( Methodism)创始人约翰·韦斯利(John Wesley，1703 - 1791)在讲道稿中有这样一句话：Every onehas his hobbyhorse，这句话后来变成了一个谚语，句中的hobby- horse就合有“癖好”之意，整句的意思是“人各有所好”。到了19世纪以后该词在作“癖好”解时一般都缩约为hobby，这就是hobby 一词的由来。
