hierarchy的词源

英文词源

hierarchy: hierarchy: [14] Greek hierós meant ‘sacred, holy’. Combined with -arkhēs ‘ruling’ (as in English archbishop) it produced hierárkhēs ‘chief priest’. A derivative of this, hierarkhíā, passed via medieval Latin hierarchia and Old French ierarchie into Middle English as ierarchie (the modern spelling was introduced on the basis of the Latin form in the 16th century).

At first the word was used in English for the medieval categorization of angels (into cherubs and seraphs, powers and dominions, etc), and it was not until the early 17th century that it was applied to the clergy and their grades and ranks. The metaphorical use for any graded system soon followed.
hierarchy (n.): mid-14c., from Old French ierarchie, from Medieval Latin hierarchia "ranked pision of angels" (in the system of Dionysius the Areopagite), from Greek hierarkhia "rule of a high priest," from hierarkhes "high priest, leader of sacred rites," from ta hiera "the sacred rites" (neuter plural of hieros "sacred;" see ire) + arkhein "to lead, rule" (see archon). Sense of "ranked organization of persons or things" first recorded 1610s, initially of clergy, sense probably influenced by higher. Related: Hierarchal; hierarchical.

hier-,神圣性，僧侣，词源同hieratic,-arch,统治，管理，词源同archon,anarchy.原义为僧侣统治，神权统治，后引申词义社会层级，等级制度。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：hierarchy 词源，hierarchy 含义。

来源于拉丁语中由hieros(神圣的)和arkhos(首领,统治者)组成的复合词hierarkhes。

词根词缀： hier神圣的 + -arch-统治 + -y名词词尾