heaven的词源
英文词源
- heaven
- heaven: [OE] The precise origins of the word heaven have never been satisfactorily explained. Could it perhaps be related in some way to Greek kamára ‘vault, covering’, and thus originally have denoted ‘sky thought of as arching over or covering the earth’ (‘sky’ is at least as ancient a meaning of heaven as ‘abode of god(s)’, although it now has an archaic air)? Are the tantalizingly similar German, Swedish, and Danish himmel and Dutch hemel related to it (going back perhaps to a common Germanic source *hibn- in which the /b/ sound, which became /v/ in English, was lost – as in e’en for even – and a suffix *-ila- was adopted rather than the *-ina- that produced English heaven), or are they completely different words? The etymological jury is still out.
- heaven (n.)
- Old English heofon "home of God," earlier "sky, firmament," probably from Proto-Germanic *hibin-, dissimilated from *himin- (cognates Low German heben, Old Norse himinn, Gothic himins, Old Frisian himul, Dutch hemel, German Himmel "heaven, sky"), perhaps from a PIE root *kem- "to cover" (also proposed as the source of chemise). [Watkins derives it elaborately from PIE *ak- "sharp" via *akman- "stone, sharp stone," then "stony vault of heaven"].
Plural use in sense of "sky" is probably from Ptolemaic theory of space composed of many spheres, but it also formerly was used in the same sense as the singular in Biblical language, as a translation of Hebrew plural shamayim. Heaven-sent (adj.) attested from 1640s.
中文词源
来自古英语heofon,天空，苍穹，上帝之所，词源不详。可能来自PIE*skeu,覆盖，隐藏，词源同hide,house,sky.
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：heaven 词源，heaven 含义。
英语单词heaven常常被译为“天堂”，指的是基督教中好人死后去安息享福的地方。那么在基督教诞生之前，heaven又是什么含义呢？heaven来自古英语heofon，最初的本意就是“天空”（sky），指的是太阳、月亮等各种天体所在的区域。由于在神话中，这些天体往往被神化为各种天神，因此heaven一词也就表示这些天神们的居所。基督教诞生后，英国的基督徒便将heaven等同于基督教中所说的“天堂”，即上帝居住的地方。
heaven：['hɛvn] n.天堂，天国，天空
