half的词源

英文词源

half: half: [OE] Half comes from prehistoric Germanic *khalbaz, which also produced German halb, Dutch half, and Swedish and Danish halv. If, as some have suggested, it is connected with Latin scalpere ‘cut’ (source of English scalpel and sculpture) and Greek skóloph ‘spike’, its underlying meaning would be ‘cut, pided’.
half: Old English half, halb (Mercian), healf (W. Saxon) "side, part," not necessarily of equal pision (original sense preserved in behalf), from Proto-Germanic *halbaz "something pided" (cognates: Old Saxon halba, Old Norse halfr, Old Frisian, Middle Dutch half, German halb, Gothic halbs "half"), perhaps from PIE (s)kel- (1) "to cut" (see shell (n.)). Noun, adjective, and adverb all were in Old English.

Used also in Old English phrases, as in modern German, to mean "one half unit less than," for example þridda healf "two and a half," literally "half third." The construction in two and a half, etc., is first recorded c. 1200. Of time, in half past ten, etc., first attested 1750; in Scottish, the half often is prefixed to the following hour (as in German, halb elf = "ten thirty"). To go off half-cocked in the figurative sense "speak or act too hastily" (1833) is in allusion to firearms going off prematurely; half-cocked in a literal sense "with the cock lifted to the first catch, at which position the trigger does not act" is recorded by 1750. In 1770 it was noted as a synonym for "drunk."

可能来自PIE*skel,砍，劈，词源同scale,clone,cleave.即一劈两半，并不一定要求等分。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：half 词源，half 含义。

来源于史前日耳曼语khalbaz,也有“切开”“分开”之意。