gulf的词源

英文词源

gulf: gulf: [14] Gulf comes from Greek kólphos, which meant originally ‘bosom’. It was later extended metaphorically to denote ‘bag’, and also ‘trough between waves’, and these senses (the latter modified to ‘abyss’) followed it through Vulgar Latin *colphus, Italian golfo, and French golphe into English. The derivative engulf, based on the sense ‘abyss’, dates from the mid-16th century.
gulf (n.): late 14c., "profound depth," from Old French golf "a gulf, whirlpool," from Italian golfo "a gulf, a bay," from Late Latin colfos, from Greek kolpos "bay, gulf of the sea," earlier "trough between waves, fold of a loose garment," originally "bosom," the common notion being "curved shape." This is from PIE *kwelp- "to arch, to vault" (compare Old English hwealf, a-hwielfan "to overwhelm"). Latin sinus underwent the same development, being used first for "bosom," later for "gulf" (and in Medieval Latin, "hollow curve or cavity in the body"). The geographic sense "large tract of water extending into the land" (larger than a bay, smaller than a sea, but the distinction is not exact and not always observed) is in English from c. 1400, replacing Old English sæ-earm. Figurative sense of "a wide interval" is from 1550s. The U.S. Gulf States so called from 1836. The Gulf Stream (1775) takes its name from the Gulf of Mexico.

词源同whelm, 淹没。用来指海湾。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：gulf 词源，gulf 含义。