genuine的词源
英文词源
- genuine
- genuine: [16] Latin genu meant ‘knee’ (it comes from the same Indo-European ancestor as English knee, and gave English genuflection [16]). In Rome and elsewhere in the ancient world, it was the convention for a father to acknowledge a newly-born child as his own by placing it on his knee – hence the child was genuinus.
=> genuflection, knee - genuine (adj.)
- 1590s, "natural, not acquired," from Latin genuinus "native, natural, innate," from root of gignere "beget" (see genus), perhaps influenced in form by contrasting adulterinus "spurious." [Alternative etymology is from Latin genu "knee," from a supposed ancient custom of a father acknowledging paternity of a newborn by placing it on his knee.] Meaning "really proceeding from its reputed source" is from 1660s. Related: Genuinely; genuineness.
中文词源
genuine（真实的）：抱起婴儿以示认可的罗马习俗
在古罗马时代，孩子出生并不能自动成为一个家庭的成员，还需要父亲的认可。孩子出生后，接生婆会把它放在地上。父亲过来看看。如果愿意接纳这个孩子，就会把他抱起来，放在自己的膝上。通过这个举动来宣告正式同意接纳这个孩子作为自己的子女。如果不愿意接纳，父亲就不会把婴儿抱起来。这个婴儿就会被遗弃。这样做的原因可能有二：一是古罗马时代，人们的男女关系混乱，自己的妻子生的孩子未必就是自己的亲骨肉，并且做父亲的也可能跟女奴或女仆乱搞，所以不能随便认可。一旦认可了，在法律上这个婴儿就算是你的子女了（古罗马人可不会搞滴血认亲那一套），将来有权继承你的遗产。二来，古罗马还是父权社会，子女被视为父亲的财产，父亲对子女操有生杀予夺大权。堕胎、弃婴等行为都是社会认可的。
英语单词genuine表示“真实的，真正的”，它的词源就与这种把新生儿放到膝上以示认可的习俗有关。genuine来自拉丁语genu，而genu的意思就是“膝”，在英语中依然保持“膝”的含义。所以genuine的字面意思就是“放在膝上”，而因为把新生儿放在膝上意思就是这个孩子确实是我的子女，所以genuine才逐渐演变出“真实的”的含义。
genu： ['dʒenjuː] n.膝
genuine： ['dʒenjʊɪn]adj.真实的，真正的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：genuine 词源，genuine 含义。
来自词根gen, 生育，词源同generate. 即天生的。
词根词缀： -gen-生(殖) + -u- + -ine形容词词尾 --- 生殖 → 纯种,地道,正宗
