garrison的词源

英文词源

garrison: garrison: [13] The notion underlying garrison is of ‘protection’. Its ultimate source was Germanic *war-, denoting ‘caution’, which also produced English ward, warn, wary, and the -ware of beware. This produced the verb *warjan ‘protect, defend’, which Old French borrowed as garir (the related garer gave English garage). From it was derived the Old French noun garison ‘defence, protection’, from which English borrowed garrison. The concrete senses ‘fortress’, and hence ‘detachment of troops in such a fortress’, developed in the 15th century.
=> beware, garage, ward, warn, wary
garrison (v.): "to place troops in," 1560s, from garrison (n.). Related: Garrisoned; garrisoning.
garrison (n.): c. 1300, "store, treasure," from Old French garison "defense, protection, safety, security; crops, food; salvation; healing, recovery, cure" (Modern French guérison "cure, recovery, healing") from garir "defend" (see garret). Meaning "fortified stronghold" is from early 15c.; that of "body of troops in a fortress" is from mid-15c., a sense taken over from Middle English garnison "body of armed men stationed in a fort or town to guard it" (late 14c.), from Old French garnison "provision, munitions," from garnir "to furnish, provide" (see garnish (v.)).

来自PIE*wer, 保护，防御，词源同warrant, weir. 原指城堡守卫，后指卫戍部队。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：garrison 词源，garrison 含义。

日耳曼语族中的w在罗曼语系中会变为g(u)。史前日耳曼语war-(看管,看护)产生了warjan(保护,防护),被古法语(属于罗曼语系)借用为garir,派生了garison(保护,防护),被英语借用为garrison。

同源词：garage, guard, regard, ward, award, reward, warn, wary, beware