galvanize的词源
英文词源
- galvanize
- galvanize: [19] The verb galvanize commemorates the work of Italian physicist Luigi Galvani (1737–98), who in 1762 discovered voltaic electricity by attaching the legs of dead frogs to pairs of different metals. It was first used literally, for the production of muscular spasms by electrical means (Sydney Smith in 1825: ‘Galvanize a frog, don’t galvanize a tiger’), but by the mid-19th century it was being employed figuratively, for ‘stimulate, spur’. The sense ‘coat electrolytically with metal’, dates from the 1830s.
- galvanize (v.)
- 1801, "stimulate by galvanic electricity," from French galvaniser, from galvanisme (see galvanism). Figurative sense of "excite, stimulate (as if by electricity)" first recorded 1853 (galvanic was in figurative use in 1807). Meaning "to coat with metal by means of galvanic electricity" (especially to plate iron with tin, but now typically to plate it with zinc) is from 1839.
He'll swear that in her dancing she cuts all others out,
Though like a Gal that's galvanized, she throws her legs about.
[Thomas Hood, "Love has not Eyes," 1845]
Related: Galvanized; galvanizing.
中文词源
galvanize（通电）：第一个研究生物电的意大利医生路易吉•伽伐尼
路易吉·伽伐尼（Luigi Galvani，1737－1798年）是意大利医生、物理学家与哲学家，现代产科学的先驱者。在1780年，他发现死青蛙的腿部肌肉接触电火花时会颤动，从而发现神经元和肌肉会产生电力。他是第一批涉足生物电领域研究的人物之一，这一领域在今天仍然在研究神经系统的电信号和电模式。
关于伽伐尼是如何开始生物电学实验的，有一种很流行的说法：伽伐尼当时正在一张桌子旁给青蛙剥皮。此前他曾在这张桌子上用摩擦青蛙皮产生的静电进行电学实验。伽伐尼的助手用一根带电荷的金属解剖刀触碰了青蛙露在外面的坐骨神经。这时，伽伐尼和助手看见了电火花，青蛙腿像活着一样踢了一下。因为这次实验，伽伐尼成为第一个研究电和运动/生命联系的研究者。
在伽伐尼的同行伏打的提议下，这一现象以伽伐尼的名字命名为“galvanism”（流电）。今天，生物学中对伽伐尼现象的研究被称作“electrophysiology”（电生理学）， "galvanism"这一术语如今仅在历史文本中使用。但从galvanism衍生出的galvanize一词依然在使用中。
galvanize： ['ɡælvənaɪz] vt.电镀，通电，刺激，镀锌
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：galvanize 词源，galvanize 含义。
来自其发现者18世纪意大利解剖学家Luigi Galvanize用电流刺激青蛙腿发现该现象，后经改造并以其名命名的一种技术。
