fail的词源

英文词源

fail

fail: [13] Fail, fallacy [15], fallible, false, and fault all come ultimately from the same source – the Latin verb fallere. This originally meant ‘deceive’, but it developed semantically to ‘deceive someone’s hopes, disappoint someone’, and in its Vulgar Latin descendant *fallīre this meaning had progressed to ‘be defective, fail’. English acquired the word via Old French faillir. Its Anglo-Norman form, failer, came to be used as a noun, and is the source of English failure [17].
=> faliacy, fallible, false, fault

fail (v.)

c. 1200, "be unsuccessful in accomplishing a purpose;" also "cease to exist or to function, come to an end;" early 13c. as "fail in expectation or performance," from Old French falir "be lacking, miss, not succeed; run out, come to an end; err, make a mistake; be dying; let down, disappoint" (11c., Modern French faillir), from Vulgar Latin *fallire, from Latin fallere "to trip, cause to fall;" figuratively "to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, elude; fail, be lacking or defective." Related: Failed; failing.

Replaced Old English abreoðan. From c. 1200 as "be unsuccessful in accomplishing a purpose;" also "cease to exist or to function, come to an end;" early 13c. as "fail in expectation or performance." From mid-13c. of food, goods, etc., "to run short in supply, be used up;" from c. 1300 of crops, seeds, land. From c. 1300 of strength, spirits, courage, etc., "suffer loss of vigor; grow feeble;" from mid-14c. of persons. From late 14c. of material objects, "break down, go to pieces."

fail (n.)

late 13c., "failure, deficiency" (as in without fail), from Old French faile "deficiency," from falir (see fail (v.)). The Anglo-French form of the verb, failer, also came to be used as a noun, hence failure.

中文词源

fail：失败

来自拉丁语fallo, 欺骗，陷落，词源同fallacy, false, fault. 进一步来自PIE*ghwel, 欺骗。引申词义被骗，失败。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：fail 词源，fail 含义。

fail：失败，不及格；衰退，减弱

英语fail, fallacy, fallible, false和fault均来源于拉丁语动词fallere,其原始意义是“欺骗”,发展为“蒙骗人的希望,使人失望”;其在通俗拉丁语中的后裔fallire(缺陷,失败)进入古法语为faillir,即为英语fail的词源。古法语faillir在盎格鲁-诺曼语中为failer,是英语failure的词源。

同源词：fallacy, fallible, false, fault, failure词组/短语：without fail 必定,一定