ecstasy的词源

英文词源

ecstasy

ecstasy: [14] Etymologically, someone who is ecstatic is out of his or her mind. The word comes, via Old French extasie and late Latin extasis, from Greek ékstasis, a derivative of the verb existánai ‘displace, drive out of one’s mind’. This was a compound formed from the prefix ek- ‘out’ and histánai ‘place’ (a distant relative of English stand).

The underlying notion of being ‘beside oneself, in the grip of extreme passion’ survives in modern English in relation to mystic experiences or trances, and also, albeit archaically, in such phrases as ‘an ecstasy of rage’, and the specific sense ‘delight’ developed only comparatively recently, apparently in the 17th century.
=> stand

ecstasy (n.)

late 14c., extasie "elation," from Old French estaise "ecstasy, rapture," from Late Latin extasis, from Greek ekstasis "entrancement, astonishment, insanity; any displacement or removal from the proper place," in New Testament "a trance," from existanai "displace, put out of place," also "drive out of one's mind" (existanai phrenon), from ek "out" (see ex-) + histanai "to place, cause to stand," from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet).

Used by 17c. mystical writers for "a state of rapture that stupefied the body while the soul contemplated pine things," which probably helped the meaning shift to "exalted state of good feeling" (1610s). Slang use for the drug 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine dates from 1985. Formerly also spelled ecstasie, extacy, extasy, etc. Attempts to coin a verb to go with it include ecstasy (1620s), ecstatize (1650s), ecstasiate (1823), ecstasize (1830).

中文词源

ecstasy：狂喜

ec-, 向外。-st, 站。比喻义，偏离原地的，灵魂出窍的。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：ecstasy 词源，ecstasy 含义。

ecstasy（狂喜）：宗教中的静坐冥思所达到的结果　　

在很多宗教中，都将静坐冥思作为一种重要的修炼方式，如佛教中“打坐”。很多宗教认为，当人们静坐冥思达到某个层次时，人的灵魂脱离肉体的羁绊，上升至更高层次的灵性世界。这种状态在希腊语中称为ekstasis（出神、入迷），由ek（=ex，离开）和histanai（放置、使站立）组合而成，本意就是“灵魂出窍”。英语单词ecstasy便来源于此。

　　17世纪时，很多神秘主义著作中，频繁使用ecstasy一词来表示人通过静坐冥思所达到的身心和谐、超凡脱俗的崇高境界，因此ecstasy一词逐渐衍生出“极度快感、狂喜”等含义。在俚语中，该词还可以表示吸毒后产生的极度快感。

　　ecstasy：['ekstəsɪ] n.狂喜，极度快感，出神，入迷，销魂

　　ecstatic：[ɪk'stætɪk] adj.狂喜的，入迷的n.狂喜的人