dunce的词源
英文词源
- dunce
- dunce: [16] Dunce originated as a contemptuous term for those who continued in the 16th century to adhere to the theological views of the Scottish scholar John Duns Scotus (c. 1265–1308). Renaissance philosophers ridiculed them as narrow-minded hair-splitters, and so before long the application of the word spread metaphorically to any ‘stuffy pedant’ in general, and hence, through the implication of a lack of true intellect, to ‘stupid person’. The conical dunce’s cap seems to have originated in the 19th century.
- dunce (n.)
- "dullard," 1570s, from earlier Duns disciple "follower of John Duns Scotus" (c. 1265-1308), Scottish scholar of philosophy and theology supposed to have been born at Duns in Berwickshire. By 16c., humanist reaction against medieval theology singled him out as the type of the hairsplitting scholastic. It became a general term of reproach applied to more conservative philosophical opponents by 1520s, later extended to any dull-witted student.
中文词源
来自13世纪苏格兰神学家John Duns Scotus, 其思想后来遭到反对者强烈批判，其追随者也被讽刺为笨蛋，傻瓜。
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：dunce 词源，dunce 含义。
dunce：笨蛋，智力迟钝的学生
该词源出中世纪著名的苏格兰经院哲学家和神学家，唯名论者John Duns Scotus (1265 - 1308)的中名Duns。此人因出生于苏格兰一个名叫Dunse的小镇故以Duns为中名。他认为意志高于理性，行动高于思维，神学是对上帝进行实践的科学。以他为代表的宗教观在中世纪欧洲书院的影响长达200余年之久。始于14世纪的文艺复兴思潮猛烈地冲击着中世纪的经院哲学及旧的神学思想。Duns的信徒们在各种讲坛上拼命地维护旧文化，抵制文艺复兴中产生的新学问(the new learning)和宗教改革(Reformation)中提出的新神学理论。1530年人文主义者，宗教改革者，圣经翻译家廷德尔(William Tyndale，14927—1536)说，那些狺狺狂吠的老恶狗，Duns的信徒们，每上讲坛无不怒气冲冲，疯狂地反对古典文学和新思想。随后不久，人文主义者和宗教改革家们就把Duns的信徒蔑称为dunsman或dunceman，并进而简称之为dunce。dunce遂成了“诡辩者”和“书呆子”的代称。过了约半个世纪以后即到了16世纪末dunce原来的含义逐渐消失，dunce被赋予了至今仍在使用的词义“笨蛋”，后来又引申出了“智力迟钝的学生”一义。
dunce（笨蛋）：对神学家Duns信徒的蔑称
dunce一词源自中世纪著名的苏格兰经院哲学家和神学家John Duns Scotus的中名Duns。他认为意志高于理性，行动高于思维，神学是对上帝进行实践的科学。以他为代表的宗教观在中世纪欧洲书院的影响长达200余年之久。在文艺复兴时期，Duns的信徒们拼命维护旧学说，抵制文艺复兴思潮中产生的新学问和新的神学理论。因此，人文主义者和宗教改革家们就把Duns的信徒称为dunsman或dunceman，后来简化为dunce。dunce原本含有“守旧”和“书呆子”的含义，逐渐发展出“笨蛋”的含义，后来又引申出了“智力迟钝的学生”一义。
dunce：[dʌns] n.笨蛋，傻瓜，智力迟钝的学生
