Orient的词源
英文词源
- orient
- orient: English has two separate words orient, but they come ultimately from the same source: Latin orīrī ‘rise’ (from which English also gets abort and origin). Its present participle, oriēns ‘rising’, was used for the direction of the ‘rising sun’, and hence for the ‘east’, and passed into English via Old French as the adjective and noun orient [14].
The verb orient [18] was borrowed from French orienter, a derivative of the adjective orient. It originally meant ‘turn to face the east’, and was not used for ‘ascertain or fix the direction of’ until the 19th century. Orientate emerged in the mid-19th century, probably as a back-formation from orientation [19], itself a derivative of orient.
=> abort, origin - Orient (n.)
- c. 1300, "the East" (originally usually meaning what is now called the Middle East), from Old French orient "east" (11c.), from Latin orientem (nominative oriens) "the rising sun, the east, part of the sky where the sun rises," originally "rising" (adj.), present participle of oriri "to rise" (see orchestra). The Orient Express was a train that ran from Paris to Istanbul via Vienna 1883-1961, from the start associated with espionage and intrigue.
- orient (v.)
- c. 1727, originally "to arrange facing east," from French s'orienter "to take one's bearings," literally "to face the east" (also the source of German orientierung), from Old French orient "east," from Latin orientum (see Orient (n.)). Extended meaning "determine bearings" first attested 1842; figurative sense is from 1850. Related: Oriented; orienting.
中文词源
英语单词orient（东方）来自拉丁语orientem，字面意思就是“太阳升起的地方”，后者来自oriri（升起）。因为太阳从东方升起，所以orient也就等于“东方”。同源的英语单词有origin（起源）。
orient：['orɪənt] n.东方，东方诸国adj.东方的vt.确定方向，使……朝东vi.朝东
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：orient 词源，orient 含义。
orient：东方（的）n. 东方, 亚洲
日本索有Land of the Rising Sun（旭日之国）的别称，而亚洲，特别是远东，则一向被欧美人称为the Orient（东方）。orient一词源于拉丁语sol oriens（旭日），其中oriens作rising（正在升起的）解，也可以说orient就是来自oriens。在作形容词用时，orient除了表示“东方的”之外，至今仍然保留了“升起的”这一原义。orient和east的区别在于，前者属诗歌语言。
对古罗马占卜者来说，东预示吉祥。他们以观察鸟的飞向来预卜吉凶。神鸟从笼子里放出，若朝东飞则为吉兆。基督教徒也接受了这种迷信看法。基督教堂常以位于东端的圣坛定其朝向。若神鸟朝西飞则为凶兆，因为昔日教士总是将西与死亡及毁灭相联系。与orient相对的occident其词源就反映丁这层含义。occident源于拉丁语occidens‘setting’（落下的）。因为日落于西，所以occident后被转义表示“西方”或“西方的”，而且常与死亡相联系。英语成语go west也含有“死”或“完蛋”之意。
专有名词，来自拉丁语oriens,东方，太阳升起的方向，来自oriri,升起，来自PIE*ergh,升起，词源同origin,orchestra.
来自拉丁语oriens,东方，太阳升起的方向，来自oriri,升起，来自PIE*ergh,升起，词源同 origin,orchestra.引申词义使朝向东方，定位。
