May的词源

英文词源

may

may: English has basically two words may, although one of them has now virtually split into two. The auxiliary verb may [OE] goes back ultimately to the Indo-European base *mogh-, *megh-, denoting ‘power, ability’, which also produced English machine, main, and might. Its Germanic descendant *magan lies behind German and Dutch mag, Swedish må, and Danish maa as well as English may.

The compound maybe dates from the 15th century, and dismay is also related. May the month-name [13] comes via Old French mai from Latin Maius. This was originally an adjective meaning ‘of Maia’, Maia being a Roman goddess and wife of Vulcan (her name may go back to the same source as Latin magnus ‘large’, and hence denote ‘growth’ or ‘increase’).

In the month of May the hawthorn comes into flower, and so in the 16th century the tree received the name may.
=> dismay, machine, main, might

may (v.1)

Old English mæg "am able" (infinitive magan, past tense meahte, mihte), from Proto-Germanic root *mag-, infinitive *maganan (Old Frisian mei/muga/machte "have power, may;" Old Saxon mag/mugan/mahte; Middle Dutch mach/moghen/mohte; Dutch mag/mogen/mocht; Old High German mag/magan/mahta; German mag/mögen/mochte; Old Norse ma/mega/matte; Gothic mag/magan/mahte "to be able"), from PIE *magh- (1) "to be able, have power" (cognates: Greek mekhos, makhos "means, instrument," Old Church Slavonic mogo "to be able," mosti "power, force," Sanskrit mahan "great"). Also used in Old English as a "auxiliary of prediction."

May

fifth month, early 12c., from Old French mai and directly from Latin Majus, Maius mensis "month of May," possibly from Maja, Maia, a Roman earth goddess (wife of Vulcan) whose name is of unknown origin; possibly from PIE *mag-ya "she who is great," fem. suffixed form of root *meg- "great" (cognate with Latin magnus). Replaced Old English þrimilce, month in which cows can be milked three times a day. May marriages have been considered unlucky at least since Ovid's day. May-apple attested from 1733, American English.

may (v.2)

"to take part in May Day festivities," late 15c., from May. Related: Mayed; maying.

中文词源

May（五月）：罗马神话中的春天女神玛雅

和一月（January，以双面门神Janus命名）一样，五月也是一位地道的罗马 神祗命名的。在远古罗马神话中，Maia（玛雅）是专门掌管春天和生命的女神。为了纪念这位女神，罗马人就用它的名字来命名5月（罗马历中的3月），在拉 丁语中称为Maius，意思就是month of Maia。英语中表示“5月”的单词May就源自拉丁语Maius。

May：[meɪ]n.五月

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：May 词源，May 含义。

May：五月

来自拉丁语Maius mensis,即大地女神Maia月。比较April,June.

may：也许，可能

来自古英语maeg,能够的，来自Proto-Germanic*mag,来自PIE*magh,使能够，赋予力量，词源同might,magic,machine.

may：山楂花

来自May,五月。即五月的鲜花。

May：五月

人们常把5月称作“欢乐的5月”，其英语名称May是13世纪从古法语rnai演变而来，但若究其根源却可追溯到拉丁语Maius，而Maius则得名于古代意大利的春之女神Maia（汉译常作“迈亚”），故意含“Maia之月”。可是说来也怪，古罗马人认为5月是不祥之月，不宜举行婚礼，因为他们祭祀贞洁女神玻娜·得亚(Bona Dea)的活动足在五月举行的。