Fortuna的词源

英文词源

fortunate (adj.)

late 14c., "having good fortune; bringing good fortune," from Latin fortunatus "prospered, prosperous; lucky, happy," past participle of fortunare "to make prosperous," from fortuna (see fortune). Fortunate Islands "mythical abode of the blessed dead, in the Western Ocean" (early 15c.; late 14c. as Ilondes of fortune) translates Latin Fortunatae Insulae.

fortunately (adv.)

"by (good) fortune," 1540s, from fortunate + -ly (2).

unfortunate (adj.)

mid-15c., "unlucky," from un- (1) "not" + fortunate (adj.). Infortunate in same sense is from late 14c. (along with a verb infortune "to render unhappy"). In late 18c.-early 19c., unfortunate woman was a polite way to say "prostitute." The noun meaning "one who is not fortunate" is recorded from 1630s.

unfortunately (adv.)

1540s, "in an unfortunate manner, by ill-fortune," from unfortunate + -ly (2). The original meaning is now rare; the main modern sense of "sad to say, unhappily, unluckily," in parenthetical use, is recorded from 1770s.

中文词源

Fortuna：运气女神福尔图娜/堤喀（Tyche）

堤喀（Tyche）是希腊神话中的运气女神，相当于罗马神话中的福尔图娜（Fortuna）。希腊诗人赫西奥德把她说成是提坦神俄刻阿诺斯和他的妻子忒堤斯生的女儿；另一些作家则认为她的父亲是最高的天神宙斯。她常常以长着翅膀，头戴皇冠，手持聚宝盆的形象出现；但有时她又是蒙着眼睛的，代表各种欲望都存在着风险与不定。英语单词tychism（偶然主义）就来自堤喀的名字Tyche。

在罗马神话中，运气女神被称为“福尔图那”（Fortuna）。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。幸运女神的名字Fortuna在拉丁语中是“好运”的意思。英语单词fortune（好运、财富）就来源于此。习语wheel of fortune的字面意思是幸运女神的车轮，比喻命运或人生的变迁。

tychism：['taikizəm] n.偶然主义

fortune：['fɔːtʃuːn; -tʃ(ə)n] n.财富，命运，好运vt.给予财富vi.偶然发生

fortunate：['fɔːtʃ(ə)nət] adj.幸运的，侥幸的，带来好运的

fortuity：[fɔː'tjuːɪtɪ] n.偶然事件，意外事件

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：Fortuna 词源，Fortuna 含义。